STRAIGHTERLINE MICROBIOLOGY FINAL
ACTUAL EXAM 2024-2025|300+ BRAND NEW
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORECT ANSWERS
ALL GRADEDA+|GUARANTEED
SUCCESS|LATEST UPDATE
In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of nitrogen from
the atmosphere by bacteria? - ANSWER-✔Nitrogen Fixation
If enough H+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of the
solution to ten times higher than the original concentration, what is the resulting
OH- concentration of the solution? - ANSWER-✔10-8 M
Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and
sporangiospores. Which of the following is an accurate explanation for why it is
advantageous that they are also capable of sexual reproduction? - ANSWER-
✔Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and function that
contribute to survival of the species.
In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus, plaques are
areas in which... - ANSWER-✔the virus has spread and left behind the remains of
dead cells.
The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and are called -
ANSWER-✔Photons
What is a characteristic of aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-✔The process includes
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
In completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is carried by a
specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA? - ANSWER-✔"Terminate here."
Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of new
genes into a population. Which of the following can only be caused by the
,introduction of new genes into a population? - ANSWER-✔new enzymes that
inactivate the drug are synthesized
Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host defense
than other areas of the human body? - ANSWER-✔They have a high risk for infection
due to frequent contact.
Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial... - ANSWER-
✔cell wall synthesis.
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups such as
Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa? - ANSWER-✔Protozoa
Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly integrated into
another via... - ANSWER-✔transposons
What immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate the
response of other immune cells? - ANSWER-✔TH cell
What enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR? - ANSWER-✔DNA polymerase
Which of the following is a scientific name? - ANSWER-✔Streptococcus pyogenes
Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for
growing gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes,
eosin and methylene blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that
changes color when the medium is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth
of most gram-positive bacteria. If an organism consumes lactose, acid will be
produced, causing the bacterial colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - ANSWER-✔differential and
selective
A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the
Last Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - ANSWER-✔branching off
the Domain Eukarya.
In the cell cytoplasm, molecules of ATP are a - ANSWER-✔solute
The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses. -
ANSWER-✔nosepiece
Characteristics shared by all cells include - ANSWER-✔the presence of cellular fluid,
the possession of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - ANSWER-✔matter
, Trees of life illustrate the phylogenetic relationships of all organisms were
traditionally based on _____; newer methods for determining phylogeny rely on
_____. - ANSWER-✔Morphology; nucleic acid sequences
Covalent bonds - ANSWER-✔result from sharing electrons
One nucleotide contains one - ANSWER-✔phosphate, pentose sugar, nitrogen base
Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - ANSWER-✔viruses
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of
____ - ANSWER-✔Bioremediation
C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - ANSWER-✔a dehydration synthesis
Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of
organisms? - ANSWER-✔Taxonomy
Which type of medium would be the best choice when shipping a sample of bacteria
from a clinic to a laboratory for testing? - ANSWER-✔Transport-meduim
Which activity is an example of biotechnology? - ANSWER-✔
Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient broth that is
then boiled and cooled? - ANSWER-✔A solid medium
Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which are chains of... - ANSWER-
✔repeating monomers
A reducing medium contains - ANSWER-✔substances that remove oxygen
Which of the following parts of a microscope magnifies the specimen to produce a
real image of the specimen? - ANSWER-✔Objective lens
The two major groups of helminths are ___ and the ___ - ANSWER-✔roundworm;
flatworms
All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except - ANSWER-✔located between
the capsid and nucleic acid
A protozoan having flagellum would be classified in the genus - ANSWER-
✔Trypanosoma
Antiviral drugs are often difficult to develop, largely because - ANSWER-✔viruses
are obligate intracellular parasites so the drugs must enter the host cell and often
cause toxic side effects in order to destroy the virus
, The activation of a prophage is called... - ANSWER-✔induction
Endospores are - ANSWER-✔metabolically inactive, resistant to heat and chemical
destruction, resistant to destruction by radiation, living structures
The endosymbiotic theory has been developed to explain the emergence of... -
ANSWER-✔eukaryotes
A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a
comeback; the use of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections. Which
explanation most accurately describes the reason for return of this treatment? -
ANSWER-✔
A negative RNA virus must first - ANSWER-✔synthesize a positive RNA copy of its
genome
You've just isolated a new bacterium in pure culture, and you culture it on a general
purpose medium where its cells have a coccobacillus morphology. When you
examine the cells after culturing on a variety of differential media, you fine that in
some cases, the cells appear as coccobacillus, but in others, they can be filamentous,
cocci, or club-shaped. The best explanation for this observation is that.. - ANSWER-
✔the bacterium is pleomorphic
Two functions of bacterial appendages are___ and ___ - ANSWER-✔attachment;
motility
A group of protozoa that are not motile are the... - ANSWER-✔Plasmodium sp.
During the Gram stain, the appplication of alcohol results in the decolorization of
___ cells - ANSWER-✔Gram-negative
Lysozyme is most effective against - ANSWER-✔gram positive organisms
The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular
appendages called ___ - ANSWER-✔sex pili
Which of the following does not pertain to helminths? - ANSWER-✔Members of the
Kingdom Protista
The site for ATP synthesis in bacterial cells is the... - ANSWER-✔cell membrane
The core of every virus particle always contains... - ANSWER-✔Either DNA or RNA
Which of the following is not a function of the eukaryotic glycocalyx? - ANSWER-
✔Movement
