CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions And
Answers 100% Pass
Margin of safety - answerthe difference between the usual effective dose and the dose that induces
severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - answerright patient, right medication, right does, right route of
administ...
intramuscular - answer✔drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
intrathecal - answer✔needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine an into space around
the spinal cord
intravenous - answer✔injected directly into the veins
subcutaneous - answer✔needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the skin
Bioavailablility - answer✔how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its intended target site of action
Bioequivalent - answer✔when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients but also produce
virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - answer✔production of the same medicinal effects
Areas of drug elimination and excretion - answer✔Lungs, breast milk, sweat tears urine feces, bile,
saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - answer✔failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - answer✔a drug that is dried and ground into fine particles
pills - answer✔a single dose unit of medicine made by mixing the powdered drug with liquid such as
syrup and rolling it into a round or oval shape
granules - answer✔a small pill usually accompanied usually accompanied by many others encased
within a gelatin capsule; quite often releasing medication over time
tablet - answer✔pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the powdered for of a drug and bulk
filling material under high pressure; commonly used for anti acids and antiflatulents
Capsules - answer✔medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an external shell; can be
pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release - answer✔several doses of a drug in special coatings that dissolve at different rates
Enteric Coating - answer✔dosage in special coating that doesn't digest in the stomach; only starts to
digest in the intestines
caplets - answer✔shaped like a capsule but has the form of a tablet the shape and file make swallowing
easier
gel caps - answer✔an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin capsule
Emulsion - answer✔two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
otic drugs - answer✔control localized infections or inflammation and require very low dosages to be
effective
Types of drug despensing - answer✔OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction - answer✔exaggeration of the drug's therapeutic effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) - answer✔results from mechanisms that are not currently understood; largely
unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) - answer✔These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - answer✔these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - answer✔These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - answer✔Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
Glidants(flow enhancers) - answer✔added to powdered materials used in pill production to aid
movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - answer✔maintain consistent concentration of the active ingredients
throughout the drug product
disintegrants - answer✔help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Lubricants - answer✔ease the release of the tablets from the dies that stamp them during the
manufacturing process
AUC - answer✔represents the extent of the drug absorption or the quantity of the drug that appears in
the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - answer✔peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
First pass effect - answer✔metabolizing process in the liver that suppresses the amount of drug that
eventually reaches the systemic circulation and the site of action
onset of action - answer✔the time it takes for a drug to start having any intended affect after it is
administered
Protein Binding - answer✔the ability of certain drugs to bind to plasma protein
QD - answer✔once a day
QID - answer✔four times a day
PRN - answer✔take as needed
TID - answer✔three times a day
Tmax - answer✔time of peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
BID - answer✔twice a day
Authorized distributor - answer✔any distributor of a prescription drug that has a written agreement
with the manufacturers of the prescription drug and conducts at least two transactions with the
manufacturer of the prescription drug within any 24-month period
Average whole price (AWP) - answer✔published whole sale price or list price suggested by the
manufacturer
Brokerage - answer✔the combination of -drop ship and dock to dock delivery services provided by
wholesalers. Wholesalers do not bring the product into their warehouses
Buy-side margin - answer✔refers to the early payment discounts and other earned or negotiated
rebates and discounts received by wholesalers from drug manufacturers; increase in the value of
wholesalers' inventories ad manufacturers' prices rise
chain drug store - answer✔a company that owns and operates four or more pharmacies
dock to dock delivery - answer✔wholesaler obtains the drugs to a dispenser own warehouse without
taking the drugs into its own inventory
drop shipment - answer✔the drug manufacturer directly delivers the drugs to a dispenser but the order
and payments are made through a wholesaler
Float - answer✔the time differential between when a wholesaler receives payment from its customer
and when the payment is due to its supplier
Group Purchasing Organization GPO - answer✔an entity consisting of two or more hospitals or other
healthcare entities that is formed to offer its members access to purchasing contracts for health supplies
In-state wholesaler - answer✔wholesaler that distributes drug products in a state in which it is physically
located
independent drug store - answer✔a company that owns and operates three or fewer pharmacies
Integrated Delivery Network IDN - answer✔a financial management structure that unites hospitals,
physicians ambulatory care site and managed care plans through ownership or exclusive formal
agreements to provide a system to deliver a continuum of healthcare services
Mail order pharmacy - answer✔a pharmacy that dispenses prescriptions to patients who submit their
prescriptions by mail or fax
manufacturer direct sale - answer✔the type of sale that bypasses the need for any intermediary
distributor
mass merchandiser - answer✔Department stores with a pharmacy
non-stock sales - answer✔brokerage sales, dock to dock sales, drop shipments, and any form of sale not
placed in inventory
out of state wolesaler - answer✔a wholesaler that distributes drug products in a state in which it is not
physically located
pharmacy benefit management group - answer✔an entity that administers the prescription drug part of
health insurance plans on behalf of plan sponsors such as self insured employers, insureance companies,
and health maintenance organizations
rebate - answer✔the amount that the manufacturer of the drug pays to an insurer or health plan for
each unit of drug dispensed
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