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UGBA 105 Midterm 2- Questions & Answers
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UGBA 105 Midterm 2- Questions & Answers
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UGBA 105 Midterm 2- Questions &Answers
Norms x Cohesion = Performance Correct Ans-High group productivity norms and high
cohesion => High performance
Low group productivity norms and high cohesion => Low performance
Start at low norms/low cohesion, move to high norms/low cohesion, then end at high
norms/high cohesion.
Cohesion Correct Ans-Attractiveness of a group to its members; perceived homogeneity
Drivers:
1. Group size
2. Required interaction patterns (frequency*intensity)
3. Success
4. Homogeneity
5. External threat/competition
6. Reward system
7. Difficulty of membership
Pros and cons of group cohesion Correct Ans-Pros: when aligned with group goal,
accomplish:
1. Higher level of participation and communication within group
2. Higher level of conformity to group norms
3. More effective at achieving their goals
,Cons: excessive cohesion
1. Time wasted by socializing ont he job
2. Conformity stressed at expense of needed change
3. Group goal accomplishment becomes more important than cooperation with others
Socialization Correct Ans-How group members learn roles, rules, norms
Tactics:
- Collective vs. Individual
- Formal vs. Informal
- Sequential vs. Random
- Fixed vs. Variable
- Serial vs. Disjunctive
- Divestiture vs. Investiture
Collective vs. Individual Socialization Correct Ans-Collective: common learning experience to
design standardized or highly similar responses to different situations
Individualized: taught individually how to behave, each learning experience is a little different
Formal vs. Informal Socialization Correct Ans-Formal: newcomers segregated from existing
group members (e.g. training)
Informal: learn on the job
Sequential vs. Random Socialization Correct Ans-Sequential: provided with explicit
information about steps for each behavior
, Random: socialization based on interests and needs of newcomer (e.g. apprentice wood-maker
can learn any furniture in any order)
Fixed vs. Variable Socialization Correct Ans-Fixed: give newcomers precise knowledge about
timetable for completing each stage
Variable: no information on when newcomers will reach next stage, speed depends on
individual newcomer
Serial vs. Disjunctive Socialization Correct Ans-Serial: existing group members socialize
newcomers
Disjunctive: newcomers figure out and develop own ways of behaving
Divestiture vs. Investiture Socialization Correct Ans-Divestiture: negative interpersonal
treatment from other members of the group (e.g. taunted, ignored in military bootcamps)
Investiture: newcomers receive positive social support
Types of Commitment Correct Ans-Compliance: assenting to norm in order to attain reward
or avoid punishment
Identification: associating self with supporters of a norm and conforming to norm because
those individuals do
Internalization: believing that the behavior dictated by a norm is truly the right and proper way
to behave
Process losses and gains Correct Ans-Performance difficulties a group experiences because of
coordination and motivation problems
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