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D311 Microbiology with Lab Section 1 Multiple Choice Activity WGU 2024/2025
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D311 Microbiology with Lab Section 1 Multiple Choice Activity WGU 2024/2025
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D311: Microbiology with Lab: A Fundamental ApproachSection 1 Multiple Choice Activity
These are the questions for the lesson quizzes and section tests from the
course material. Please answer the questions, but also for each answer
choice, explain why the choice is correct or incorrect. For example, if the
answer is B, please explain why B is correct and why choices A, C, and D
are incorrect, for each question. This will give you extra practice with the
material, which will help with synthesis and retention.
Please watch the following videos to help you explain each answer choice
for lessons 1 and 2. (Note: Some of the videos refer to an older version of
the course “C453”. The topics they cover do not differ from the current
material, but references to the previous course may be made.):
Bacteria: The Prokaryotes
Bacterial Cell Walls
Eukaryotic Microorganisms
Viruses
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Fungi: Death Becomes Them
Section 1 Lesson 1 Quiz
1. Which statement describes prokaryotic cells?
a. Prokaryotic cells are found in coccus form in both pairs and
clusters. This statement is correct. Prokaryotic cells can be found in a coccus form, and
they can exist in pairs or clusters.
b. Prokaryotic cells have multiple rod-shaped chromosomes. This
statement is incorrect. Prokaryotic cells typically have a single, circular chromosome located
in the nucleoid region of the cell. They do not have multiple chromosomes, and their
chromosomes are not rod-shaped.
c. Prokaryotic cells are found in chains of rods but not single rods. This
statement is incorrect. Prokaryotic cells can indeed form chains, but they can also exist as
single rods. The ability to form chains is not exclusive to rod-shaped cells.
, d. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a complex nuclear
membrane. This statement is incorrect. One of the defining characteristics of
prokaryotic cells is that they do not have a true nucleus. Their genetic material is located in
the nucleoid, which is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane. The presence of a nucleus
surrounded by a complex nuclear membrane is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells.
2. Which statement describes eukaryotic cells?
a. The exoskeletons of eukaryotic cells maintain and support the
cells' shapes. This statement is incorrect. Eukaryotic cells do not have an exoskeleton.
They have a cytoskeleton, a network of protein fibers that helps maintain cell shape, secure
some organelles in specific positions, allow cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell,
and enables unicellular organisms to move independently.
b. The nuclei of eukaryotic cells are surrounded by complex nuclear
membranes. This statement is correct. One of the defining characteristics of eukaryotic
cells is the presence of a true nucleus, which is surrounded by a complex nuclear membrane
or nuclear envelope. This nuclear envelope separates the genetic material from the rest of
the cell.
c. The genomes of eukaryotic cells are usually packaged in single
circular chromosomes. This statement is incorrect. Eukaryotic cells typically have
multiple, linear chromosomes. The DNA in these chromosomes is associated with a variety of
proteins to form a complex called chromatin.
d. The organelles of eukaryotic cells are held in place by
semipermeable exoskeletons. This statement is incorrect. Eukaryotic cells do not
have a semipermeable exoskeleton. The organelles in eukaryotic cells are held in place by the
cytoskeleton and are surrounded by their own lipid bilayer membranes. The term
“semipermeable” usually refers to the property of cell membranes that allows certain
substances to pass through while blocking others.
3. Which statement describes eukaryotic flagella?
a. Eukaryotic flagella can cover the entire surface of a cell. This
statement is incorrect. While some cells may have multiple flagella, it is not typical for the
flagella to cover the entire surface of a eukaryotic cell.
b. Eukaryotic flagella are rotating structures. This statement is incorrect. Unlike
prokaryotic flagella, which rotate, eukaryotic flagella move in a characteristic whip-like
manner.
c. Eukaryotic flagella have twelve pairs of microtubules. This statement is
incorrect. The core structure of eukaryotic flagella is a bundle of nine pairs of microtubules
surrounding two central single microtubules.
, d. Eukaryotic flagella are flexible, whip-like structures. This statement is
correct. Eukaryotic flagella are indeed flexible, whip-like structures that move back and forth
to propel the cell.
4. Which statement describes the endomembrane system?
a. It is attached to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and makes
proteins for insertion into the cell membrane. This statement is incorrect.
The endomembrane system does include the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is involved in
protein and lipid synthesis. However, proteins are synthesized by the rough ER, not the
smooth ER. The smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.
b. It includes the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles. This
statement is correct. The endomembrane system includes the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes,
and vesicles, as well as the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, and cell membrane.
c. It is a system that uses diffusion to transport materials inside of the
cell. This statement is incorrect. While diffusion is one method of transport used in cells, the
endomembrane system primarily uses vesicular transport to move proteins and lipids
between its components.
d. It lacks membrane-bound organelles. This statement is incorrect. The
endomembrane system is actually composed of membrane-bound organelles and structures,
including the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles,
and the cell membrane.
Section 1 Lesson 2 Quiz
1. Which statement accurately describes similarities between protozoa
and fungi?
a. Both perform chemosynthesis. This statement is incorrect. Neither protozoa
nor fungi perform chemosynthesis. Protozoa are heterotrophs, meaning they seek out
food in their surrounding environments. Fungi are also heterotrophs and absorb
nutrients from decaying organic matter in their environment.
b. Both can be harmful or harmless depending on the context. This
statement is correct. Both protozoa and fungi can be either harmful or harmless,
depending on the species and the context. Some species of protozoa and fungi are
pathogenic and can cause diseases in humans and other organisms. Others are harmless
and can even be beneficial.
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