Med Surg Exam 3 Burns Questions and Answers 100% Solved correctly
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Course
Med Surg
Institution
Med Surg
Pain management for the burn patient is most effective when (SATA):
a. a pain rating tool is used to monitor the patient's level of pain
b. painful dressing changes are delayed until the patient's pain is completely relieved
c. the patient is informed about and has some control over the manageme...
Med Surg Exam 3 Burns Questions
Pain management for the burn patient is most effective when (SATA):
a. a pain rating tool is used to monitor the patient's level of pain
b. painful dressing changes are delayed until the patient's pain is completely relieved
c. the patient is informed about and has some control over the management of the pain
d. a multi-modal approach is used (e.g., sustained-release and short-acting opioids,
NSAIDS, adjuvant analgesics).
e. non-pharmacological therapies (e.g., music therapy, distraction) replace opioids in
the rehabilitation phase of a burn injury - ✔️✔️Correct answers: a, c, d
Rationale: The use of a pain rating tool assists the nurse in the assessment, monitoring,
and evaluation of the pain management plan. The more control the patient has in
managing the pain, the more successful the chosen strategies are. A selected variety of
medications offer better pain relief for patients with burns, whose pain can be both
continuous and treatment related over varying periods of time. It is not realistic to
promise a patient that pain will be completely eliminated. It is not realistic to suggest
that pain will be managed (during any phase of burn care) with nonpharmacologic pain
management. Such management is meant to be adjuvant and individualized.
only if cognitive alterations are observed.
The injury that is least likely to result in a full-thickness burn is:
a. sunburn
b. scald injury
c. chemical burn
d. electrical injury - ✔️✔️Correct answer: a
Rationale: Full-thickness burns may be caused by contact with flames, scalding liquids,
chemicals, tar, or electrical current.
When assessing a patient with a partial-thickness burn, the nurse would expect to find
(SATA):
a. blisters
b. exposed fascia
c. exposed muscles
d. intact nerve endings
e. red, shiny, wet appearance - ✔️✔️Correct answers: a, d, e
Rationale: The appearance of partial-thickness (deep) burns may include fluid-filled
vesicles (blisters) that are red, shiny, or wet (if vesicles have ruptured). Patients may
, have severe pain caused by exposure of nerve endings and may have mild to moderate
edema.
A patient is admitted to the burn center with burns of his head and neck, chest, and
back after an explosion in his garage. On assessment, the nurse auscultates wheezes
throughout the lung fields. On reassessment, the wheezes are gone and the breath
sounds are greatly diminished. Which action is the most appropriate for the nurse to
take next?
a. obtain vital signs and a STAT ABG
b. encourage the patient to cough and auscultate the lungs again
c. document the findings and continue to monitor the patient's breathing
d. anticipate the need for endotracheal intubation and notify the physician -
✔️✔️Correct answer: d
Rationale: Inhalation injury results in exposure of the respiratory tract to intense heat or
flames with inhalation of noxious chemicals, smoke, or carbon monoxide. The nurse
should anticipate the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation because this patient
is demonstrating signs of severe respiratory distress.
Fluid and electrolyte shifts that occur during the early emergent phase of a burn injury
include:
a. adherence of albumin to vascular walls
b. movement of potassium into vascular space
c. sequestering of sodium and water in interstitial fluid
d. hemolysis of red blood cells from large volumes of rapidly administered fluid -
✔️✔️Correct answer: c
Rationale: During the emergency phase, sodium rapidly shifts to the interstitial spaces
and remains there until edema formation ceases.
To maintain a positive nitrogen balance in a major burn, the patient must:
a. eat a high-protein, low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet
b. increase normal caloric intake by about three times
c. eat at least 1500 calories/day in small, frequent meals
d. eat rice and whole wheat for the chemical effect on nitrogen balance. - ✔️✔️Correct
answer: a
Rationale: The patient should be encouraged to eat high-protein, high-carbohydrate
foods to meet increased caloric needs. Massive catabolism can occur and is
characterized by protein breakdown and increased gluconeogenesis. Failure to supply
adequate calories and protein leads to malnutrition and delays in healing.
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