CHEM 154 Final UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
CHEM 154
Institution
CHEM 154
CHEM 154 Final UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Period - CORRECT ANSWER- Elements in a Row
Group - CORRECT ANSWER- Elements in a Column
Equation for calculating the energy of one electron species. - CORRECT ANSWER- E =
-2.178x10⁻¹⁸J x Z² x (1/n2)
where Z is the atomic numb...
CHEM 154 Final UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Period - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Elements in a Row
Group - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Elements in a Column
Equation for calculating the energy of one electron species. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- E =
-2.178x10⁻¹⁸J x Z² x (1/n2)
where Z is the atomic number of the element
Two equations for calculating energy provided by light - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- E(light)
= hc/λ or E(light) = hƒ
Isovalent - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Species that have the same number of valence
electrons.
Valence electrons - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The number of electrons in the s and p
subshells of the occupied electronic shell
Electronic configuration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- distribution of electrons of an atom or
molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals
Number of s, p, d and f orbitals. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1 s orbitals, 3 p orbitals, 5 d
orbitals, 7 f orbitals.
What does the decrease in the free energy of a system (ΔGsys) imply about the change in
entropy of the universe (ΔStotal) and the spontaneity of the change? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- ΔStotal is positive and the process is spontaneous.
When is a process spontaneous? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- When ΔG is negative
, ΔH is negative and ΔS is positive. Is the process spontaneous or non-spontaneous? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- spontaneous
Removing electrons from orbitals. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- For ions that remove
electrons they are removed from the p orbital (if any), then the s orbital (if any) and then the d
orbital (if any).
Orbital diagram notation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Each orbital is represented by a line
with two arrows on top, each arrow represents a single electron.
Ex. Orbital diagram of Nitrogen
s1 ↑↓ s2 ↑↓ p2 ↑ ↑ ↑
ΔH is positive and ΔS is negative. Is the process spontaneous or non-spontaneous? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Non-spontaneous
ΔH is negative and ΔS is negative. Is the process spontaneous or non-spontaneous? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Both.
spontaneous at low temperatures
Non-spontaneous at high temperatures
ΔH is positive and ΔS is positive. Is the process spontaneous or non-spontaneous? -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Both.
spontaneous at high temperatures
Non-spontaneous at low temperatures
Effective Nuclear Charge (Zeff) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Zeff ~ Z - S
Where S is the # core electrons and Z is the # of protons.
Zeff increase when you go to the right and up.
Define state functions - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Only depends on where you started and
where you finished. NOT path dependent. Usually capital variables
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