DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY 7TH EDITION-
FINAL EXAM
Psychology - (ANSWER)The science of behavior and mental processes, a definition that reflects
psychology's origins and history. Founded by Wilhelm Wundt
Structuralism - (ANSWER)Early school of psychology that emphasized studying the most basic
components, or structures, of conscious experiences.
Structuralists - (ANSWER)Held the belief that even our most conscious experiences could be
broken down into elemental structures, or component parts, of sensatins and feelings
Hypothesis - (ANSWER)A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more
variables; a testable prediction or question
Operational definition - (ANSWER)A precise description of how the variables in a study will be
manipulated or measured.
Neuron - (ANSWER)A highly specialized cell that communicates information in electrical and
chemical form; a nerve cell.
Parts of a neuron - (ANSWER)1. Sensory neurons
2. Motor neurons
3. Interneurons
Basic types of neurons - (ANSWER)1. Cell body
2. Dendrites
3. Axon
Neurotransmitters - (ANSWER)Chemical messengers manufactored by a neuron
,Hormones - (ANSWER)Chemical messengers secreted into the bloodstream primarily by
endocrine glands
Branches of the nervous system - (ANSWER)1. Central nervous system
2. Peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system (CNS) - (ANSWER)Consists of the brian and spinal cord which controls
most functions of the body and mind
Peripheral nervous system - (ANSWER)Voluntary control. The nerves that carry instructions
from your brain to your linbs, also sends information from your senses back to your brain
Sensation - (ANSWER)The process of detecting a physical stimulus, such as light, sound, heat,
or pressure
Perception - (ANSWER)The process of intrgrating, organizing, and interpreting sensations
Transduction - (ANSWER)The process by which a form of physical energy is converted into a
coded neural signal that can be processed by the nervous system.
Absolute threshold - (ANSWER)The smallest possible strength of a stimulus that can be detected
half of the time.
Difference threshold - (ANSWER)The smallest possible difference between two stimuli that can
be detected half of the time; also called just noticeable difference
Mere exposure effect - (ANSWER)The finding that repeated exposure to a stimulus increases a
person's preference for that stimulus
, Rods - (ANSWER)The long, thin blunt sensory receptors of the eye that are highly sensitive to
light, but not to color, and that are primarily responsible for peripheral vision and night vision
Cones - (ANSWER)The short, thick pointed sensory receptors of the eye that detect color and
are responsible for color vision and visual acuity
Gestalt psychology - (ANSWER)Founded by German psychologist Max Wertheimer. Gestalt
psychologists emohasized that we perceive objects or figures rather than isolated bits and pieces
of sensory information
Attention - (ANSWER)The capacity to selectively focus awareness on particular stimuli in your
external environment or on your internal thoughts or sensations
Stages of sleep - (ANSWER)1 NREM
2 NREM
3 & 4 NREM
REM
Classifications of drugs - (ANSWER)Depressants
Opiods
Stimulants
Psychedelic drugs
Club drugs
Depressant - (ANSWER)Alchohol
Depressant - (ANSWER)Inhalants
Depressants - (ANSWER)Barbiturates
FINAL EXAM
Psychology - (ANSWER)The science of behavior and mental processes, a definition that reflects
psychology's origins and history. Founded by Wilhelm Wundt
Structuralism - (ANSWER)Early school of psychology that emphasized studying the most basic
components, or structures, of conscious experiences.
Structuralists - (ANSWER)Held the belief that even our most conscious experiences could be
broken down into elemental structures, or component parts, of sensatins and feelings
Hypothesis - (ANSWER)A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more
variables; a testable prediction or question
Operational definition - (ANSWER)A precise description of how the variables in a study will be
manipulated or measured.
Neuron - (ANSWER)A highly specialized cell that communicates information in electrical and
chemical form; a nerve cell.
Parts of a neuron - (ANSWER)1. Sensory neurons
2. Motor neurons
3. Interneurons
Basic types of neurons - (ANSWER)1. Cell body
2. Dendrites
3. Axon
Neurotransmitters - (ANSWER)Chemical messengers manufactored by a neuron
,Hormones - (ANSWER)Chemical messengers secreted into the bloodstream primarily by
endocrine glands
Branches of the nervous system - (ANSWER)1. Central nervous system
2. Peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system (CNS) - (ANSWER)Consists of the brian and spinal cord which controls
most functions of the body and mind
Peripheral nervous system - (ANSWER)Voluntary control. The nerves that carry instructions
from your brain to your linbs, also sends information from your senses back to your brain
Sensation - (ANSWER)The process of detecting a physical stimulus, such as light, sound, heat,
or pressure
Perception - (ANSWER)The process of intrgrating, organizing, and interpreting sensations
Transduction - (ANSWER)The process by which a form of physical energy is converted into a
coded neural signal that can be processed by the nervous system.
Absolute threshold - (ANSWER)The smallest possible strength of a stimulus that can be detected
half of the time.
Difference threshold - (ANSWER)The smallest possible difference between two stimuli that can
be detected half of the time; also called just noticeable difference
Mere exposure effect - (ANSWER)The finding that repeated exposure to a stimulus increases a
person's preference for that stimulus
, Rods - (ANSWER)The long, thin blunt sensory receptors of the eye that are highly sensitive to
light, but not to color, and that are primarily responsible for peripheral vision and night vision
Cones - (ANSWER)The short, thick pointed sensory receptors of the eye that detect color and
are responsible for color vision and visual acuity
Gestalt psychology - (ANSWER)Founded by German psychologist Max Wertheimer. Gestalt
psychologists emohasized that we perceive objects or figures rather than isolated bits and pieces
of sensory information
Attention - (ANSWER)The capacity to selectively focus awareness on particular stimuli in your
external environment or on your internal thoughts or sensations
Stages of sleep - (ANSWER)1 NREM
2 NREM
3 & 4 NREM
REM
Classifications of drugs - (ANSWER)Depressants
Opiods
Stimulants
Psychedelic drugs
Club drugs
Depressant - (ANSWER)Alchohol
Depressant - (ANSWER)Inhalants
Depressants - (ANSWER)Barbiturates
