HNF 150 Exam 1 Verified A+
Nutrient density ✔️✔️a measure of the nutrients in a food compared with the energy the food
provides
Foods that have high nutrient density ✔️✔️Vegetables (particularly the non-starchy vegetables) such
as the dark leafy greens (cooked and raw), red bell peppers, broccoli, carrots, mushrooms, and
tomatoes.
Foods that have low nutrient density ✔️✔️Foods that are convenient to get like pot pies, frozen
pizzas, ramen noodles, and pocket style pastry sandwiches
Six classes of nutrients ✔️✔️carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Energy Yield for carbs, proteins, fats, and alcohol ✔️✔️Carbohydrates 4kcal/gram
Fat 9kcal/gram
Protein 4kcal/gram
Alcohol 7kcal/gram
State the characteristics of a nutritious diet and recognize an example of each characteristic ✔️✔️-
Adequacy: The foods provide enough of each essential nutrients, fiber, and energy
-Balance: The choice is to not over emphasize one nutrient or food type at the expense of another
-Calorie Control: The provide amount of energy you need to maintain appropriate weight not more not
less
-Moderation: The foods do not provide access fat, salt, sugar, or other unwanted constituents.
-Variety: The foods chosen differ from one day to the next
Identify the steps of the scientific method ✔️✔️-Observation and Question: identify a problem to be
solved or ask a specific question to be answered
,-Hypothesis and Prediction: formulate a hypothesis-a tentative solution to the problem or answer to the
question-and make a prediction that can be tested
-Experiment: design a study and conduct the research to collect relevant data
-Results and Interpretations: summarize, analyze, and interpret the data; draw conclusions
LEFT SIDE
-Hypothesis Supported
-Theory: developed a theory that integrates conclusions with those from numerous other studies
Hypothesis supported in theory can both lead to new observations and questions
RIGHT SIDE
-Hypothesis not supported
-New observations and questions
-BACK TO BEGINNING
Define the major types of research studies ✔️✔️-Case studies: Studies of individuals yield
observations that may lead to possible avenues of research (only one person being studied)
-Epidemiological studies: Studies of whole populations this study can reveal correlation.
-Intervention studies: Studies of populations in which observation is accompanied by experimental
manipulation of some population members.
-Laboratory studies: Studies that are performed under tightly controlled conditions and are designed to
pinpoint causes and effects such studies often use animals as subjects.
-Controlled Clinical Trial: an experiment in which one group of subjects receive the treatment and the
comparable group receives an imitation treatment and outcomes for the two are compared.
List the five characteristics scientist evaluate when weighing the totality of evidence about specific
nutrition questions ✔️✔️Consistent, strong correlation, specific, dose dependent, biologically
plausible
List the health properties of garlic in which compounds are responsible for the health benefits an odor
✔️✔️-Contain sulfur compounds released when crushed or cut.
-Anti-microbial, antifungal, and anti-thrombotic (prevent blood clots).
-Rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamin, and vitamin C.
, -Absorbs iron and zinc found by phyatate in whole grain
Identify credible sources and credentials of experts in the field of nutrition who provide reliable
nutrition information ✔️✔️-Nutrition experts include B.S, M.S, or PhD in nutritional science from
accredited college or university.
-Registered dietitian or register dietician nutritionist: credentialed by the Academy of nutrition and
dietetics.
-Public health nutritionist.
-Registered dietetic technician
Recognize cues with the nutrition information that could be misleading in advertising and media
✔️✔️-Who is responsible for the site?
-Do the names and credentials of information providers appear?
-Are links with other reliable info sites provided?
-Is the site selling a product or service?
-Does the site charge a fee to get access?
Whole Foods ✔️✔️Foods that have not been stripped of their nutrition by processing.
For example milk and milk products, meats, fish, poultry, vegetables (beans and peas).
Processed Foods ✔️✔️Foods that are subjected to any process such as milling, altercation of texture,
addition of additives, cooking or others.
Essential Nutrients ✔️✔️nutrients necessary for normal body functioning that must be obtained from
food
energy yielding nutrients ✔️✔️Nutrients that the body can use the energy they contain
carbohydrates, fats, proteins
organic nutrients ✔️✔️Contain carbon and hydrogen atoms and are usually the products of living
things.
