COMMERCE 1BA3 Full Exam Review (With Question Allocation)
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Course
COMMERCE 1BA3
Institution
McMaster University (mcmasteru)
In class our teacher specifically outlined what topics will be on the exam along with how many questions each chapter or topic will be worth. Provided is complete notes for every topic from the slides and hints from the teacher. I used these to study and got an A.
SME 7 - Group Dynamics, Teamwork & Decision Making
(12 questions)
Know 2 stage models (forming storming norming) (punctuated equilibrium) For forming groups
1. Forming
- What are we doing here? What are others like? What is our purpose?
2. Storming
- Conflict often emerges, sorting out roles & responsibilities is often at issue
3. Norming
- Norms are agreed on & the group becomes more cohesive
4. Performing
- The group devotes its energies toward task accomplishment
5. Adjourning
- Group disperses after achieving goals
Punctuated Equilibrium Model
1. Phase 1
- First meeting to midpoint of existence. (precedence is set).
2. Midpoint Transition
- Need to move forward.
3. Phase 2
- Decisions and approaches are played out.
Know what the 2 models teach us when you combine them
- Prepare carefully for the first meeting
- Manage the midpoint transition carefully
- Resist deadline changes
4 most important components leading to effective group structuring (Disjunctive, additive,
conjunctive, ect)
- Size satisfaction & performance depend on the task:
- Additive Task**
- Group performance is dependent on the sum of the performance of
individual group members
- Disjunctive Task**
, - Group performance is dependant on the performance of the best group
member
- Conjunctive Task**
- Group performance is limited by the performance of the worst group
member
- Group Structure: as groups become larger, they suffer from process losses:
- Performance difficulties that result from the problems of motivating &
coordinating larger groups
Process losses
As groups become larger, they suffer from process losses:
- Performance difficulties that result from the problems of motivating & coordinating
larger groups
Diversity (why does it take longer to develop cohesion & communication)
- Diverse groups might take longer to do their forming, storming & norming
- Diverse groups sometimes perform better when the task requires cognitive,
creativity-demanding tasks & problem solving rather than routine work
Norms, rules, (dress norms, performance norms, 4 types in total)
- Collective expectations that members of social units have regarding the behavior of each
other
1. Dress norms
2. Reward allocation norms
3. Performance norms
4. Social interaction
Know roles and 3 issues
- Positions in a group that have a set of expected behaviors attached to them
- Key issues:
- Role ambiguity
- Role conflict
- Status effects
Social loafing
, Tendency to withhold effort when performing a task. Members exert less effort when working in
teams than working alone.
- How to counteract social loafing:
- Make individual performance more visible
- Make sure the work is interesting
- Increase feelings of indispensability
- Increase performance feedback
- Reward group performance
Cohesiveness 5 ways of increasing
The degree to which a group is especially attractive to its members.
- Factors that increase cohesiveness:
- Threat & competition
- Success
- Member diversity
- Size
- Toughness of initiation
- Results from cohesiveness:
- More participation in group activities
- More conformity
- More success
4 types of teams (process, self managed, cross functional, virtual)
1. Process-Improvement Teams
- Eg. teams to improve efficiency of producing a product or service
2. Self-Managed Teams
- Eg. teams with full, reduced, or no supervision
3. Cross-Functional
- Eg. team with people from HR, marketing, accounting
4. Virtual Teams
- Eg. team that spans the globe
Why do we use group decision making
Why use groups in decision making?
- Decision quality
- Decision acceptance & commitment
- Diffusion of responsibility
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