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CVICU EXAM 2024/25 GRADED A+
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CVICU EXAM 2024/25 GRADED A+
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CVICU EXAM 2024/25 GRADED A+Alpha 1 Answer - vasoconstriction
Alpha 2 Answer - Vasodilation and decreased BP.
Beta 1 Answer - Effects the heart
Beta 2 Answer - Effects the lungs
Norephinephrine (Levophed) Answer - Beta 1 and alpha stimulant. For
hypotension, maintain end-organ perfusion. Increases contractility, increases
heart rate , increases SVR, increases BP and coronary blood flow. Side effects:
tachycardia, dysthymias, hypertension, peripheral limb ischemia. Dosage: 0.02-
0.05 mcg. Considerations: very rapid onset , half life is 2 mins , correct
hypovolemia before initiating
Epinephrine Answer - Beta 1 Beta 2 Alpha stimulant. Indication: hypotension,
inotropic support, anaphylaxis. Effects: increases contractility, increases HR,
SVR, relaxes smooth muscle of bronchial tree, produces cardiac stimulation.
Side effects: tachycardia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, myocardial ischemia,
dysthymias. Dosage: 0.05-1 mcg. Considerations : monitor blood glucose, 2 min
half life, never ivp unless dead , IM inject for anaphylactic
Vasopressin Answer - antidiuretic hormone. Indication : hypotension, used as
an adjunct when vasopressors and fluid resuscitation are ineffective in
maintaining goal BP/MAP. Effects: ADH causes vasoconstriction, water retention
and urine concentration in order to increase SVR. Side effects: myocardial
, ischemia, abdominal cramps , nausea vomiting, confusion, hyponatremia.
Dosage: 0.01-0.04 units. Considerations: fixed dose, 10-20 mins half life
Phenylalanine ( neo synephrine ) Answer - Alpha stimulant. Indication:
hypotension. Effects: produces systemic arterial vasoconstriction ( increases
SVR ). Side effects : 0.25-5mcg. Considerations: Dr must be present or
responding to beside for ivp , admin thru central line ,5 min half life
Dopamine (Inotropin) Class Answer - Beta one and Alpha stimulant. Indication:
hypotension associated with shock bradycardia or heart block unresponsive to
atropine cardiac pacing. Effects: effects are related to dosage low-dose 2-10 µg
has Beto one stimulant increases contractility improves renal perfusion. High
dose 10-20 µg has alpha stimulant increases vasoconstriction and BP. Side
effects: tachycardia dysrhythmias angina vasoconstriction palpitations
headache. Dosage: 2-20 µg. Consideration: two minute half-life level to max
dose 10 µg infuse via central line.
Dobutamine Answer - Beta one stimulant. Indication: cardiac decompensation,
positive I no tropic agent. EFax: decreases preload and afterload enhances
myocardial contractility, stroke volume, and cardiac output without causes
increased oxygen demand. Improves renal blood flow and urine output by
increasing cardiac output. Side effects: tachycardia hypertension angina
Desiree of Mia's. Dosage: 2-20 MCG's. Consideration: two minute half-life,
patient may go home with this infusion, infuse versus central line if those is a
greater than 10 MCG.
Milrinone (Primacor) Answer - phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Indication: short
term management of heart failure , positive inotropic agent. Effects: relaxes
vascular muscle causing vasodilation, decreases preload and afterload in order
to increase cardiac output , increases contractility. Side effects: ventricular
dysthymia, SVT, hypotension, dieresis , hypokalemia , headache. Dosage: 0.125-
0.75 mcg. Considerations: monitor CO and urine , do not titrate
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