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Criminology Exam Module 1 Questions and Answers
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Criminology Exam Module 1 Questions and Answers
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Criminology Exam Module 1 Questionsand Answers
Norms - Answer-Behaviors that are normal or expected
Ways that we are typically expected to act in certain settings
Not always cultural. They are not biologically innate but a product of the environment.
Social Norms Example: - Answer-Not standing to close to others*
People in Argentina reported the smallest personal bubble, while those in Romania
reported a bubble almost twice that distance.
Inmate's bubbles tend to focus more on "behind" them. Being near a wall or some other
place where their back is not exposed.
Deviance - Answer-Violation of norms
A violation of social norm that can lead to negative judgement or condemnation from
others
Something that can lead to negative judgement
(A few acts are inherently deviant because few norms are inherently normative)
Examples - Answer-In the USA, going to the beach, wearing a bikini and drinking
alcohol on the beach is considered normal.
That would be considered deeply offensive and potentially illegal in parts of the Middle
East and other parts of the world.
Society decides its norms.
Norms can change over time... - Answer-In 2002, only 35% of US adults favored gay
marriage.
In 2018, 61% of adults favored it.
Acts that were once deviant can become less deviant over time, while acts that were
once normative can become deviant.
Types of Deviants - Answer-Rare Deviants
Institutionalized Deviants
, Rare Deviants - Answer-People who are only sometimes deviant
Institutionalized Deviants - Answer-Gang members, career criminals and people who
have "extreme" sexual fetishes, these people are routinely deviant.
This refers to the social institution and how some violations of norms are enough to give
someone a general label of being deviant.
Tattoo example: Man having horns tattooed on his forehead... May be considered
deviant by most people most of the time
Is Deviance Bad? - Answer-We think of deviance to be bad because of inherentence.
To say something is deviant should not be considered to be a value judgment.
Ex: Someone covered in tattoos can be perceived as deviant...That does not actually
mean they are deviant.
Durkheim argued that not only is deviance inherently bad, but the absence of deviance
would be problematic.
(Deviance reminds us of our norms)
(Dr. Berry Marshall) - Answer-mixed up a broth with bacteria from his patient's gut to
prove that ulcers could be treated with antibiotics...
Strayed from social norms and invented something new...
Deviance is not always bad!
Morality is subjective - Answer-Humans tend to have some shared moral foundations,
but morality tends to be deeply personal.
Deviance is something that violates norms and can lead to negative judgement.
When "negative judgement" is evidence that something is "bad" .... then deviance can
be considered bad
While rules themselves are rarely innate... - Answer-reacting to violations of rules
probably is an innate human behavior
Informal Social Control - Answer-The social judgment of behavior, and the subsequent
(following) "control" of that behavior
Informal social control has a huge impact on our lives, but in this course, we will focus
on *formal social control
Examples of Informal Social Control - Answer-Woman rolling eyes at a flirtatious man
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