BSN 315 HESI RN Speciality Pharmacology Exam Prep (Latest Update 2024 / 2025) Questions & Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A - Nightingale
Question:
The nurse is providing medication teaching for a client who has recently received a prescription for clozapine. Which instruction should be incl...
Question:
The nurse is providing medication teaching for a client who has recently
received a prescription for clozapine. Which instruction should be included
in this client's teaching plan?
a. Avoid prolonged sun exposure.
b. Rise slowly from a lying position.
c. Do not eat any aged cheese.
d. Take as needed for anxiety.
Answer:
Rise slowly from a lying position
Rationale
Orthostatic hypotension is a side effect of clozapine, so the client should be
instructed to rise slowly from a lying down or sitting position.
,Question:
Which route should the nurse clarify with the healthcare provider prior to
administering a drug with a high first-pass effect?
a. Oral.
b. Buccal.
c. Sublingual.
d. Intravenous.
Answer:
Oral
Rationale
The first-pass effect occurs when hepatic metabolism decreases the
bioavailability of a drug. Oral forms of medications are processed through the
GI tract, absorbed through the small intestines, and undergo the first-pass
effect in the liver in which some of the active ingredients are removed from
the drug before it reaches the intended site of action.
Question:
A male client with meningitis is prescribed cefotaxime IV and asks the nurse
why he cannot receive an oral drug, such as cefaclor or cefadroxil, that he has
taken before for infections. How should the nurse respond when considering
the actions of cephalosporins?
a. Cefazolin is another IV antibiotic that can be prescribed.
b. Cefaclor is a good alternative to suggest to the healthcare provider.
c. Cefadroxil is usually prescribed when the IV is discontinued.
d. Cefotaxime provides therapeutic CNS concentrations.
Answer:
Cefotaxime provides therapeutic CNS concentrations.
Rationale
,According to research studies, only third-generation cephalosporins such as
cefotaxime and ceftazidime have been shown effective in treating bacterial
meningitis with the exception of cefuroxime, the only second-generation
cephalosporin shown to be effective. First-generation cephalosporins have not
been successful in the treatment of bacterial meningitis. IV administration of
these antibiotics is the preferred route of administration due to oral
administration medication levels tend to be too low to be effective in
comparison to parental administration.
Question:
A pediatric client who has been diagnosed with partial seizures receives a
prescription for topiramate. Which information should the nurse provide to
the child's parents?
a. Do not crush the tablet prior to administration.
b. Give the medication with 8 oz of orange juice.
c. Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.
d. Administer the tablet an hour before meals
Answer:
Do not crush the tablet prior to administration
Rationale
The tablet form of topiramate should be taken with adequate fluids and
without breaking it because of its extremely bitter taste, so crushing the
tablet should be avoided.
, Question:
A client is admitted for atrial fibrillation, and the healthcare provider
prescribes disopyramide. After explaining the action of this antidysrhythmic
agent, which complaint should the nurse instruct the client to report?
a. Joint pain.
b. Dizziness or muscle weakness.
c. Daily weight gain of 2 pounds.
d. Dry mouth.
Answer:
Daily weight gain of 2 pounds
Rationale
Disopyramide is a Class IA antiarrhythmic (with similar actions as
procainamide) used to suppress and prevent premature ventricular
contractions, episodes of ventricular tachycardia, atrial flutter, and atrial
fibrillation. The nurse should instruct the client to report any sudden weight
gain that may indicate fluid retention related to poor cardiac output, which
may be the result of ineffective management of the dysrhythmia.
Question:
The therapeutic effect of insulin in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus is based
on which physiologic action?
a. Facilitates transport of glucose into the cells.
b. Stimulates function of beta cells in the pancreas.
c. Increases intracellular receptor site sensitivity.
d. Delays carbohydrate digestion and absorption.
Answer:
Facilitates transport of glucose into the cells
Rationale
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