Clinical Pharmacology 3 Questions And Answers With
Verified Solutions (Graded A+) Latest Update
2024/2025.
Local anesthetics - ANSWER suppress pain by blocking impulse conduction along axons
-conduction blocked only in neurons located near the site of administration
What are the principle advantages of local anesthetics? - ANSWER -pain suppression without
generalized depression of the entire CNS
-much lower risk than that associated with general anesthetics
What are the 2 major groups of local anesthetics? - ANSWER ester-type (procaine/novocaine,
cocaine)
amide-type
(lidocaine/xylocaine, prilocaine)
How do the 2 major groups of local anesthetics differ? - ANSWER -method of inactivation
-promotion of allergic responses
Propagation of an action potential (AP) requires movement of sodium ions from outside the axon to
the inside. This influx occurs through ___. - ANSWER specialized sodium channels
Local anesthetics stop axonal conduction by blocking sodium channels in the axonal membrane.
Prevention of sodium entry brings impulse conduction to a halt.
T/F - ANSWER True
What will block AP in all neurons to which they have access and act on sensory AND motor neurons? -
ANSWER nonselective modifiers of neuronal function
How can we achieve selectivity? - ANSWER deliver the anesthetic to a limited area
Neuronal blockade varies in rate of onset.
RAPID/SLOWER in small non-myelinated neurons.
RAPID/SLOWER in large myelinated neurons. - ANSWER Rapid
Slower
Due to differential sensitivity, some sensations are blocked sooner than others. Which one is lost first?
- ANSWER Pain
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