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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions with correct Answers
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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions with correct Answers
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PHAR 100 Final Exam Questions withcorrect Answers
Codeine - Answers -0.5% opium
Pain relief
Morphine - Answers -10% opium
Immense pain reliever
Gold standard drug
Curare - Answers -Indigenous people dipped arrows, causing paralysis to animals
Paul Enrlich (father of chemo)
Gerhard Domagk
Alexander Fleming
Selman Waksman
Morton - Answers -Organoarsenicals--> syphilis
Sulfa drugs
Penicillin
Streptomyocin (TB)
Ether
Receptor - Answers -Molecule located on the inside or outside of a cell that has a
regulatory role in homeostasis
Agonists - Answers -Drugs that bind to a receptor and stimulate it
Antagonists - Answers -Drugs that bind to a receptor but block the response that it
normally elicits
Dose-Response Relationship - Answers -Intensity is proportional to dosage
Low dose = little response; not enough receptors activated
Threshold dose = enough receptors activated to elicit response
Past threshold = small increments in dose lead to increasing intensity in response
Max effect = maximal response; once you increase the dose past maximum there is no
increase in response
ED 50 - Answers -Dose that results in 50% of the maximum effect
Dose that is effective in 50% of the population
Efficacy - Answers -The maximum response that can be produced by a drug
, Potency - Answers -The strength of the drug
The amount that must be given in order to get a certain response
Therapeutic Range - Answers -The dose of a drug that keeps blood concentrations
above the minimum needed for a response but below the toxic response concentration
In between ineffective and toxic
Bioavailability - Answers -The fraction of the administered drug that enters the
bloodstream (i.e. 100% for IV administration)
Absorption - Answers -Movement of a drug from site of administration to the blood
Distribution/Redistribution - Answers -Movement of a drug from blood to the site of
action (i.e. tissue)
Metabolism/Biotransformation - Answers -Conversion of a drug to a different chemical
compound; occurs mainly in the liver
Excretion - Answers -Moving a drug and its metabolites out of the body
Half Life - Answers -Time needed for the liver and kidney to remove half of the drug
from the body
Teratogenesis - Answers -Drug produces birth defects
Therapeutic Index (TI) - Answers -= TD50/ED50
Higher TI = Safer Drug
Lower TI = Greater chance of toxicity
TD 50 - Answers -The dose that is toxic in 50% of the population
Drug-Drug Interactions - Answers -One drug changes the pharmacological effect of a
second drug
- alters the absorption, metabolism or excretion of the other
Tyramine (Drug-Food Interactions) - Answers -Found in cheese; raises blood pressure
Normally broken down in the liver by MAO
Drugs that inhibit MAO (i.e. antidepressants) mean that it can't be broken down; results
in increased blood pressure
Grapefruit (Drug-Food Interactions) - Answers -Inhibits enzymes in the GI tract that
metabolize drugs
Results in higher blood levels of the drug; increased risk of OD
Placebo - Answers -An inert substance masquerading as a drug
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