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Nursing 301 Disorders of the Immune System (Quiz 1) test questions and answers
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Nursing 301 Disorders of the Immune System (Quiz 1) test questions and answers
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Nursing 301: Disorders of the Immune System (Quiz 1)test questions and answers
- T Cells or Immunoglobulins cannot make a distinction between non-antigenic cell
surface markers and Antigenic surface markers
- Body has inability to recognize self and non-self
- The body's own immune system
--> intolerant to its own cells
--> attacks its own tissues
--> renders organ dysfunctional
Autoimmune Disease
What are (2) types of Autoimmune Diseases?
1. Organ-Specific
2. Generalized
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What are (2) examples of an Organ-Specific Autoimmune Disease?
Type I Diabetes and Rheumatoid Arthritis
What is an example of a Generalized Autoimmune Disease?
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Chronic Disorder
- Characterized by Autoantibodies (antinuclear antibodies)
- Remissions and exacerbations with fever, skin rash, joint inflammation, damage
to kidneys and lungs, and serosal membranes
- Mainly a disease in women of child-bearing age
- African American women are 2x more likely to develop
, - Causes: Unknown
- Risk Factors: Genetic, hormonal, environmental, medications
- Antibodies form immune complexes that are deposited in organs and tissues of
the body
- Lupus Nephritis
- Signs and Symptoms: Butterfly Rash, Nephrotic Syndrome, Raynaud's
Phenomenon
- Diagnostic: criteria based on combination of clinical findings
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- AKA Systemic Scelrosis
- Chronic Autoimmune Disorder
- Etiology: unknown
- Characterized by abnormal accumulation of fibrous tissue in the skins and
organs - Skin mostly noticeably affected
--> Also in the GI tract, kidneys, muscles, and lungs
- Epidemiology: women 30-50, African Americans most commonly affected
- An inflammation reaction with injury to the endothelial lining of blood vessels
--> Extensive deposition of collagen occurs resulting in fibrosis in the skin,
subcutaneous tissues and deep tissues
- Complications: Kidney, Heart, Vessel Damage, MI, MSK pain and swelling
- Clinical Presentation: CREST syndrome
- Diagnostic: Clinical presentation and physical exam, elevated ANA's, Chest X-
Ray, EKG
Scleroderma
What does CREST syndrome stand for?
Calcinosis: calcium deposits in the skin
Raynauds phenomenon: spasms of blood vessels in response to cold or stress
Esophageal dysfunction: acid reflux and decrease in motility of esophagus
Sclerodactyly: thickening and tightening of the skin on the fingers and hands
Telangiectasia: dilation of capillaries causing red marks on surface of the skin
- Chronic Autoimmune disease
- 2-3x more common in women
- Cause: Unknown, Genetic factors account for 50% of the risk
- Bodys immune system attacks its own synovial tissues
--> Stimulating inflammation and destruction of cartilage, bone, tendon, and
ligaments
- Antigen Presenting Cells activate T Cells which play a key role in the destruction
of joint components
- Classic Symptoms:
--> Symmetrical
--> Tender
--> Swollen Joints
--> Fingers, wrists, knees, hips, feet
- Characteristic Deformities:
--> Boutonniere Deformity
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