TEST BANK FOR BEHAVIORAL 2024
NEUROSCIENCE, 9TH EDITIO
BY MARC BREEDLOVE, NEIL
WATSON CHAPTER 6
EVOLUTION OF THE BRAIN
AND BEHAVIOR
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION
QUESTION 1
Molecular clock - ANSWERS-proportion of differences in DNA samples from two
species can estimate how long ago two species diverged from a common ancestor
QUESTION 2
ecological niches - ANSWERS-unique variety of environmental differences to
which each organism is adapted
-different environmental factors results in differently evolved behaviors and neural
mechanisms.
-adaptation has even led to changes in the brain structure.
END OF
PAGE 1
,TEST BANK FOR BEHAVIORAL 2024
NEUROSCIENCE, 9TH EDITIO
BY MARC BREEDLOVE, NEIL
WATSON CHAPTER 6
EVOLUTION OF THE BRAIN
AND BEHAVIOR
QUESTION 3
complicated lives require complicated brains - ANSWERS--relative size of brain
region is rough guide to the importance of that region's function for the adaptation
of the specific species.
-different strategies that species use to obtain food is correlated with brain size and
structure. larger brain = find food that is scattered
-selection for increased forebrain size to cope with environmental challenges
-Warblers -- females prefer males with larger song repertoires, which also means
larger HVC regions. this is an example of sexual selection; large repertoires are
only adaptive because females prefer them.
QUESTION 4
simple invertebrate nervous systems provide models of neural function -
ANSWERS-invertebrates = animals without back bones
studying invertebrates' more simple nervous systems can help us better understand
the simple basics of the human nervous system
END OF
PAGE 2
, TEST BANK FOR BEHAVIORAL 2024
NEUROSCIENCE, 9TH EDITIO
BY MARC BREEDLOVE, NEIL
WATSON CHAPTER 6
EVOLUTION OF THE BRAIN
AND BEHAVIOR
QUESTION 5
Brain structure in all mammals - ANSWERS-different classes of mammals all
share same basic set of brain regions devoted to visual, auditory and
somatosensory processing.
-size, proportion and location of these regions differ across mammal classes due to
evolutionary modification for different ecological niches.
QUESTION 6
differences in brain structures among mammals - ANSWERS--human brains weigh
more than other mammalian brains
-cerebral hemispheres occupy larger portion of brain in humans than in rats
-human brains are fissured and rat brains are smooth and unfissured.
END OF
PAGE 3
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