Biology 117 WVU exam 2 Questions and Correct Verified Answers
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Course
Biology 117
Institution
Biology 117
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Which groups are more closely related from an evolutionary standpoint?
Archaea and Eukarya
What are the three different shapes of bacterial cells?
1) coccus- spherical
2) bacillus- rod shaped
3) spirilla- wavy/ corkscrew s...
What are the three different ways in which bacteria arrange themselves in colonies?
✓ 1) diplo- divide but stay attached to each other (OO)
✓ 2) strepto- grow in long chains (===)
✓ 3) staphlo- clumps of bacteria, no real arrangement
Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative
✓ 1) gram-positive has a plasma membrane with peptidoglycan on top(darker
stain)
✓ 2) gram-negative is like a sandwich, has a plasma membrane with
peptidogylcan in between and then an outer membrane on top(lighter stain)
✓
✓ both contain polysaccharides on the out most layer
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What are the three different ways in which bacteria "swap" DNA?
✓ 1) transduction-viruses help to pass genetic information (bacteriaphages)
✓ 2) transformation-DNA from environment is taken in and used
✓ 3) conjugation-direct contact and DNA sharing between cells
✓ (pili structures- tunnel structures between cells)
Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs
✓ Autotrophs-makes food on its own (plants-photosynthesis)
✓ Heterotrophs- obtain energy from the environment (humans)
✓ (sunlight{phototrophs}, organic{chemoorganotrophs}, and
inorganic{chemolithotrophs} molecules are taken in to produce energy)
Are protists prokaryote or eukaryote?
✓ Eukaryotic
Are protists monophyletic or paraphyletic?
✓ Paraphyletic
Are protists unicellular, multicellular, or both?
✓ Both
How do we explain the morphological innovations of Protists?
✓ nuclear membrane and endomembrane organelles may have occurred due to
infolding of membrane
Endosymbiosis Theory
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