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PSYC 1004- EXAM 1 – HOFFMAN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PSYC 1004- EXAM 1 – HOFFMAN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PSYC 1004- EXAM 1 – HOFFMAN QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
What is psychology - Answers- The scientific study of behavior and mental processes;
Simple studies; a way to describe the social/conscious experience
What psychologists do—jobs ('rule' of thirds, I/O psychology defined) - Answers- 1.
Faculties in universities
2. Consultants (Business)
3. Medical fields
1. Counseling psychology
2. Clinical Psychology
3. Psychiatry
4. Community Psychologists
Counseling psychology - Answers- A branch of psychology in which it assists people
with problems in living (often related to school, work etc)
Clinical psychology - Answers- A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and
treats people with psychological disorders
Psychiatry - Answers- A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders;
provided by physicians who provide medical treatments
Community Consultants - Answers- Work to create social and physical environments
that are healthy for all
Descartes (17th centrury) - Answers- -Much human behavior, and all animal behavior is
REFLEXIVE- automatic, and subject to natural external causes
-Humans also possess a mind, and not controlled by natural laws
Wilhelm Wundt - Answers- -1st psychology lab, in Germany
-Emphasized Structuralism: (study of the conscious experience and the structure of the
brain)
-Structuralism focuses on different brain elements and their capacities
-Used introspection: Self examination of mental processes
, -Measured time lag between people's hearing apparatus.
Simple studies; wanted to describe the social/conscious experience
REMEMBER STRUCTURALISM!
William James (1842-1910) - Answers- -Emphasized functionalism-- The study of how
the mind works, and why we behave and think the way we do/
-Increased emphasis on behavior, and on practical applications of applications of
psychology
-Tried to understand his car by looking at disconnected parts
-Used Darwin's theories and connected it with smell, thoughts and feelings and thought
it was because it is ADAPTIVE-- Connected to our ancestor's survival
- Was American
Structuralism - Answers- Early school of thought promoted by Wilhelm Wundt and
Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind.
It is the study of the conscious experience and the structure of the brain
Functionalism - Answers- Early school of thought promoted by William James and
influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function--how
they enable an organism to adapt, survive and flourish.
Perspective - Answers- Lenses through which we interpret facts (what we observe)
-Pretty consistent
-Also inform our biases
- We are primates
Psychodynamic - Answers- -(Sigmund Freud)
-Focus on the unconscious clinical problems due to unconscious conflicts
-"What kind of relationship did you have with your mother?"
Behaviorist - Answers- -Ivan Pavlov & Skinner: Focus on observable behavior, behavior
changes through learning
-Abraham Maslow: Hierarchy of needs and self actualization
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