BIOD322 Neuroscience (Module 2) Latest Final Test Review Q & S 2024
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Course
BIOD322
Institution
BIOD322
BIOD322 Neuroscience (Module 2) Latest Final Test Review Q & S 2024BIOD322 Neuroscience (Module 2) Latest Final Test Review Q & S 2024BIOD322 Neuroscience (Module 2) Latest Final Test Review Q & S 2024
,1. What is the primary role of NMDA receptors in synaptic
plasticity?
A) To promote neurotransmitter release
B) To regulate gene expression
C) To mediate excitatory neurotransmission
D) To inhibit postsynaptic potentials
Correct Answer: C) To mediate excitatory neurotransmission
Rationale: NMDA receptors are crucial for excitatory
neurotransmission and play a key role in synaptic plasticity,
particularly in long-term potentiation (LTP), which is essential for
learning and memory.
2. During an action potential, the rapid influx of which ion is
primarily responsible for the depolarization phase?
A) Sodium (Na+)
B) Potassium (K+)
C) Calcium (Ca2+)
D) Chloride (Cl-)
Correct Answer: A) Sodium (Na+)
Rationale: The depolarization phase of an action potential is
mainly due to the rapid influx of sodium ions (Na+), which
,increases the positive charge inside the neuron, leading to
depolarization.
3. Which of the following best describes the function of myelin in
neuronal transmission?
A) It increases the capacitance of the neuronal membrane.
B) It decreases the speed of action potential propagation.
C) It insulates axons to increase the speed of action potential
propagation.
D) It serves as a neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft.
Correct Answer: C) It insulates axons to increase the speed of
action potential propagation.
Rationale: Myelin is a fatty substance that insulates axons,
allowing action potentials to jump rapidly from node to node
(saltatory conduction), thus increasing the speed of their
propagation.
4. Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the modulation
of pain at the spinal cord level?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) GABA
D) Substance P
, Correct Answer: D) Substance P
Rationale: Substance P is a neuropeptide that is involved in the
transmission of pain signals from the peripheral nervous system to
the central nervous system, particularly at the level of the spinal
cord.
5. What is the significance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in
relation to neurotransmitter action?
A) It synthesizes neurotransmitters for brain function.
B) It prevents the entry of most neurotransmitters into the brain.
C) It facilitates the rapid clearance of neurotransmitters from the
synaptic cleft.
D) It promotes the diffusion of neurotransmitters across
neuronal membranes.
Correct Answer: B) It prevents the entry of most
neurotransmitters into the brain.
Rationale: The BBB is a selective barrier that prevents many
substances, including most neurotransmitters, from entering the
brain from the bloodstream, thereby maintaining the brain's
chemical environment.
6. In the context of neural transmission, what is the primary
function of astrocytes?
A) To generate action potentials
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