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Condition sheet
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- HSC 827
Condition sheet providing in-depth information on Parkinson's disease
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NameADULT REHAB CONDITION SHEET
Condition: Parkinson’s Disease
MEDICAL INFORMATION SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
Definition: (Pedretti 2020) ☐Medication (Pedretti 2028- 2029)
Parkinson’s Disease is a degenerative - Dopamine agonist-to make up for the depletion
neurological disorder and is one of the most of dopamine in individuals with PD
common adult- onset degenerative neurological
- Levodopa- *most common medication used to
disorders. Parkinson’s Disease impacts the
treat PD*- Oral medication that is used as a
physical, mental and behavioral systems in the
precursor to dopamine - provides substantial
body and can result in motor and nonmotor
relief from tremors and rigidity during early
symptoms.
stages of PD. Fluctuations of symptom relief can
occur with Levodopa. Levodopa’s Control of
various motor symptoms decreases as PD
Etiology: (Pedretti 2021) progresses.
The etiology of Parkinson’s Disease is not yet - Deep brain stimulation- reduces tremors and
concretely established. motor fluctuations associated with PD. Does not
- A positive family history has been reverse or slow progression of PD, but can
proven to be a risk factor for an minimize motor problems that are not being
individual to develop PD. A single managed by medication
predictive genetic marker has not been - Stereotactic surgery- surgical intervention that
concretely identified. decreases the severity of PD motor symptoms by
- Mutations that have been found in creating lesions in specific portion of the brain
several genes associated with the ☐Spinal precautions
development of PD. Mutations on
various genes play a role in abnormal
protein processing in cells
- Genetic cases account for 3%-5% of PD ☐Sternal precautions
in most populations
- 90 genetic risk variants account for
16%- 36% of heritable risk of
developing PD ☐Swallow precautions (Pedretti, 2023)
- Exogenous environmental factors- The - Individuals with PD may experience dysphagia in
use of methyl-phenyl-- the later and progressed stages of PD. Individuals
tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in narcotic with PD and dysphagia may be at an increased
addicts. Addicts exhibited clinical and risk for choking and aspiration pneumonia from
anatomical features of individuals with dysphagia.
PD
- Environmental pesticides and metal
element factors may play a role in the
, development of PD (although less than ☐Seizure precautions
genetic risk factors)
Clinical presentation: (Pedretti 2020- 2026) ☐Vital signs (Pedretti, 2025).
- It is important to be aware of blood pressure
PD is characterized by a dysfunction in changes in individuals with PD.
voluntary and involuntary actions. - A person with PD may experience blood pressure
drops when rising from sitting or lying (also
known as orthostatic hypotension)
*important to consider when getting individuals
Common motor symptoms: with PD out of bed and having them engage in
- Resting Tremor- characteristic exercise or ADL tasks*
symptom of PD that disturbs
involuntary movement
☐Weight bearing
- Rigidity- stiffness within a muscle that
impacts smooth movement that occurs
in both directions at a specific joint
- Bradykinesia- slowness in maintaining Fall precautions
movement *often one of the most
disabling symptoms of PD* ☐Low risk
- Akinesia- difficulty initiating ☐Medium risk
movement *often one of the most
☐High risk (Pedretti, 2023- 2024)
disabling symptoms of PD*
- Righting and equilibrium reactions are reduced in
- Hypomimia- loss of facial expression-
effectiveness in individuals with PD- significantly
impacts communication
increasing the risk of falls for individuals with PD
- Respiratory and speech difficulties as
- Orthostatic hypotension (blood pressure drops
PD progresses is common
when moving position) also increases the risk of
- Disturbances in gait- festinating gait- falls in individuals with PD
shuffling gait
- Festinating gait (stride length decreases and speed
- Freezing gait- when an individual with increases- shuffling) seen in individuals with PD
PD ceases to move after initiating, may cause unsteadiness and increase the risk of
altering or maintaining a movement falls
- Festinating gait- decrease in stride Contraindicated services:
length while speed increases resulting in
a shuffling gait.
- Postural abnormalities including
flexed, stooped posture with the head Additional safety:
positioned forward (balance, rigging and
equilibrium reactions are altered=
increased fall risk) - Work evaluations should be completed early on
AB 2022
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