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PEDS HESI practice test Exam 2024/2025 questions with verified & completed solutions.
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PEDS HESI practice test Exam 2024/2025 questions with verified & completed solutions.
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PEDS HESI practice test questionsA 12-month-old boy is admitted with a respiratory infection and possible pneumonia. He is
placed in a mist tent with oxygen. Which nursing intervention has the greatest priority for this
infant? - ANS - Have a bulb syringe readily available to remove secretions.
Rationale:
A patent airway has the highest priority. Humidification will liquefy the nasal secretions thereby
increasing the amount of secretions and having suction equipment at the crib side the highest
priority to maintain a patent airway.
A 12-year-old male client tells the nurse that he is happy to be taking growth hormones because
now he can expect to grow and be just as tall as all of his friends. What response is best for the
nurse to provide? - ANS - "Being taller is important to you and taking your injections will help
achieve that goal."
Rationale:
It is important to validate his feelings and reinforce the fact that injections are the only way he
can get the medication and achieve growth in height. He will have to take injections three times
a week for years.
A 14-year-old female client tells the nurse that she is concerned about the acne she has
recently developed. Which recommendation should the nurse provide? - ANS - Wash the hair
and skin frequently with soap and hot water.
Rationale:
Washing the hair and skin with soap and hot water removes oil and debris from the skin and
helps prevent and treat acne. Oily skin is especially bothersome during adolescence when
hormones cause enlargement of sebaceous glands and increased glandular secretions which
predispose the teenager to acne.
Removing all blackheads and following with an alcohol scrub is contraindicated. The use of
medicated cosmetics to help hide the blemishes should be used sparingly to avoid further
blocking sebaceous gland ducts. A visit with the dermatologist may be encouraged if healthcare
recommendations are not successful.
A 14-year-old is brought to the emergency room after a biking accident. How should the nurse
interact with the adolescent? - ANS - Provide clear explanations while encouraging questions.
Rationale:
Adolescents are capable of abstract thinking and understand explanations, so the opportunity to
ask questions should be provided. An adolescent's modesty should be respected, so the
,presence of the parents at the bedside should be a choice made by the adolescent. An
adolescent's ability to think abstractly engages problem solving, so the 14-year-old should be
allowed to verbalized decisions about their care.
A 14-year-old returns to the pediatric unit after corrective surgery for scoliosis. In the immediate
postoperative period, the nurse should include which action(s) in this client's plan of care?
(Select all that apply.) - ANS - 1. Assess bowel sounds every 4 hours.
2. Initiate a logrolling schedule every 2 hours.
3. Give morphine sulfate 2 mg IV every 4 hours PRN.
Rationale:
Recording intake and output and assessing bowel sounds are critical when determining if the
body systems are recovering from the effects of anesthesia. Turning the client using a logrolling
technique maintains spinal alignment postoperatively and prevents complications of immobility.
Since this is a painful surgery, the nurse should maintain pain control as prescribed. The pain
associated is not just due to the incisions of surgery, but due to the manipulation and placement
of the spinal hardware and possible muscular pain as the involved muscles adjust to the
corrective realignment of the spine. Following corrective surgery for scoliosis, a client should be
immobilized without spinal flexion for 24 to 48 hours, and then ambulated by the physical
therapist.
A 15-year-old girl tells the school nurse that all of her friends have started their periods and she
feels abnormal because she has not. Which response is best for the nurse provide? - ANS -
Explain that menarche varies and occurs between the ages of 12 and 18 years.
Rationale:
The nurse should provide a factual and reassuring explanation that focuses on individual
variations of menarche, which can normally occur between 10 and 17 years of age.
A 15-year-old girl tells the school nurse that she wants to have a baby. How should the nurse
respond? - ANS - "Can you tell me how your life will be if you have an infant?"
Rationale:
Developing a dialogue with the teen is important, and by using open-ended questions the nurse
will encourage communication and explanation. Asking the teenager to describe how the infant
will affect her life directs the teen to consider real life experiences and allows the nurse to
assess the teen's perception and reality orientation.
A 16-year-old is brought to the Emergency Center with a crushed leg after falling off a horse.
The adolescent's last tetanus toxoid booster was received eight years ago. What action should
the nurse take? - ANS - Administer tetanus toxoid booster.
Rationale:
,After the completion of the initial tetanus immunization schedule, the recommended booster for
an adolescent or adult is every ten years or less if a traumatic injury occurs that is contaminated
by dirt, feces, soil, or saliva, such as puncture or crushing injuries, avulsions, wounds from
missiles, burns, or frostbite. The adolescent's injury is considered a contaminated wound
requiring prophylactic therapy, so the tetanus toxoid booster should be administered.
A 17-year-old male student reports to the school clinic one morning for a scheduled health
exam. He tells the nurse that he just finished football practice and is on his way to class. The
nurse assesses his vital signs: temperature 100 F, pulse 80, respirations 20, and blood pressure
122/82. What is the best action for the nurse to take? - ANS - Tell the student to proceed directly
to his regularly scheduled class.
Rationale:
This student has just completed football practice, and increased muscle activity increases body
heat production. A temperature of 100 F is normal for this student at this time. The student
should attend class since no further nursing action is required.
A 2-year-old child recently diagnosed with hemophilia A is discharged home. What information
should the nurse include in a teaching plan about home care? - ANS - Apply pressure and ice
for bleeding while elevating and resting the extremity.
Rationale:
Hemophilia, a blood disorder, causes joint bleeding which is treated with rest, ice, compression,
and elevation (RICE).
A 2-year-old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical
examination. The nurse knows which problem is frequently associated with Down syndrome? -
ANS - Congenital heart disease.
Rationale:
Congenital heart disease is the most common associated defect in children with Down
syndrome. Clients with trisomy 21 are diagnosed with Down Syndrome. Clients affected by
trisomy 13 are affected by a syndrome called "Patau's Syndrome" and clients with trisomy 18
are affected by a syndrome called "Edward's Syndrome". All three of these trisomy syndromes
have some form of congenital cardiac anomalies present with these chromosomal defects.
A 2-year-old child with gastro-esophageal reflux has developed a fear of eating. What
instruction should the nurse include in the parents' teaching plan? - ANS - Consistently follow a
set mealtime routine.
Rationale:
A 2-year-old child is comforted by consistency, so following a set mealtime routine and ensuring
the child remains upright at least two hours after eating to reduce symptoms should help in
alleviating the child's fear of experiencing GERD after eating.
, A 2-year-old is receiving care in the emergency department (ED) for a deep laceration on the
head. What action should the nurse implement to facilitate the child's cooperation? - ANS -
Allow the child to hold a favorite toy or blanket.
Rationale:
Allowing a child to hold a favorite toy or blanket provides familiarity and comfort which should
facilitate the child's cooperation during treatment. Parents should remain with the child, not
leave, but stay to calm and reassure a child who may perceive the ED environment as
threatening.
A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to
administer for treatment of this disorder? - ANS - Nystatin (Mycostatin).
Rationale:
Nystatin (Mycostatin) is an antifungal drug that is effective in treating thrush, an oral fungal
infection.
A 3-week-old newborn is brought to the clinic for follow-up after a home birth. The mother
reports that her child bottle feeds for 5 minutes only and then falls asleep. The nurse
auscultates a loud murmur characteristic of a ventricular septal defect (VSD), and finds the
newborn is acyanotic with a respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute. What instruction should
the nurse provide the mother to ensure the infant is receiving adequate intake? (Select all that
apply.) - ANS - 1. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers per day.
2. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.
3. Allow the infant to rest and refeed on demand or every 2 hours.
4. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.
Rationale:
Neonates who have VSD may fatigue quickly during feeding and ingest inadequate amounts.
They should be monitored for weight gain and at least 6 wet diapers per day. A one-month old
infant should ingest 2 to 4 ounces (60-120mL) of formula per feeding and progress to about 30
ounces (900mL) per day by 4-months of age. Due to fatigue, the infant should rest, but feed at
least every 2 hours to ensure adequate intake. A softer (preemie) nipple or a larger slit in the
nipple helps to reduce the sucking effort and energy expenditure, thus allowing the infant to
ingest more with less effort. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for infants with VSDs, but
should not be mixed in a bottle of formula because it is difficult to ensure that the total dose is
consumed.
A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room because he swallowed an entire bottle of
children's vitamin pills. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? - ANS - Determine
the child's pulse and respirations.
Rationale:
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