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NURS 2701; WEEK 8 ENDOCRINE HEALTH CHALLENGES EXAM
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NURS 2701; WEEK 8 ENDOCRINEHEALTH CHALLENGES EXAM
rapid-acting insulin: onset, peak, duration and examples - ANSWER - onset:
15m
- peak: 1h
- duration: 3h
- meds: humalog, nova log
short-acting insulin: onset, peak, duration and examples - ANSWER - onset:
30m
- peak: 2h
- duration: 8h
- meds: Regular
intermediate-acting insulin: onset, peak, duration and examples - ANSWER -
onset: 2h
- peak: 8h
- duration: 16h
- meds: NPH, Human
long-acting insulin: onset, peak, duration and examples - ANSWER - onset: 1h
- peak: NONE
- duration: 24h
- meds: levamir, lantis
what is type 1 diabetes - ANSWER - type one is from the destruction of beta
cells leading to very little to no insulin production = glucose can't go inside cells
= hyperglycaemia
what is insulin resistance? can hyperglycemia co-exist with hyperinsulinemia? -
ANSWER - when body tissue does not respond to the action of insulin =
hyperglycemia
- this happens because of excess body fat
, - in its early stages, the pancreas will try to compensate by making for insulin =
temporary state of hyperinsulinemia together with hyperglycemia
what type is juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes? what age? -
ANSWER - type 1
- >30 yr, peak onset 11-13 yr
- 5-10% of all pt. w diabetes
what are some risk factors for type 2 diabetes? - ANSWER genetic, race, age
and pt. with PCOS
what are adipocytokines? - ANSWER - alteration in the production of
hormones and cytokines by adipose tissue
- this plays a role in glucose and fat metabolism
what is metabolic syndrome? what other diseases does it predispose the pt to? -
ANSWER - aka insulin resistance syndrome
- a cluster of abnormalities like elevated insulin lvl, triglycerides, LDLs, low
HDLs and hypertension
- pts. with metabolic syndrome are at risk for diabetes and coronary artery
disease
what is hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state? - ANSWER - metabolic
complication of DM characterized by severe hyperglycemia, extreme
dehydration, altered LOC
- often with type 2 DM pt during a physiologic stress
how is hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state treated? - ANSWER IV saline and
insulin
what are the cardinal signs of type 1 diabetes? - ANSWER - polyuria
- polydipsia
- polyphagia
- weight loss
- weakness
- fatigue
- vaginal yeast infections for female pt
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