Human Anatomy – Arm Questions & Answers
Muscles of the arm are divided into ________
2 compartments:
-anterior
-posterior
(the arm is the shoulder to the elbow)
(connective tissue fascia wrap around muscles and continue with the connective tissue wrapping around the bones (pariostium) and...
Human Anatomy – Arm Questions &
Answers
Muscles of the arm are divided into ________ - answer 2 compartments:
-anterior
-posterior
(the arm is the shoulder to the elbow)
(connective tissue fascia wrap around muscles and continue with the connective tissue
wrapping around the bones (pariostium) and keep the muscle together - but separate
the muscles into different compartments)
Anterior Compartment - answer Three muscles (biceps brachii, brachialis, and
coracobrachialis), all function as flexors of shoulder and elbow joint.
Innervated by musculocutaneous nerve
Posterior Compartment - answer Two muscles (triceps brachii and anconeus),
functions as extensors of shoulder and elbow joint.
All innervated by radial nerve
The two muscle compartments are separated by _____ - answer dense connective
tissue
-lateral intermuscular septum
-medial intermuscular septum
(Muscle atrophy or swelling of muscle and have nowhere to go because of compartment
- tremendous amount of pressure - presses on muscle cells = muscle death if you don't
relieve the pressure (earthquakes - people compressed between concrete) - treatment
is simple - just cut it open)
Biceps brachii - proximal attachments:
Short head - answer attaches to coracoid process of the scapula
(2 heads proximally and 2 heads distally
Short head on medial side
origin: coracoid process of the scapula
Long head on lateral side - inserts on supraglenoid tubercle)
Biceps brachii - proximal attachments:
Long head - answer The long head runs into the glenoid joint, over the head of the
humerus, inside the intertubercular groove where it is fixed in place by the transverse
, humeral ligament and surrounded by synovial membrane, attaches to the supraglenoid
tubercle.
Biceps brachii - distal end:
attaches to the ____ - answer tuberosity of the radius
(because it has two origins it is more powerful)
the distal end continues as the _____ - answer bicipital aponeurosis
bicipital aponeurosis - answer a membranous band that runs from the biceps tendon
across the cubital fossa and merges with the ante brachial (deep) fascia on the top of
the flexor muscles in the medial side of the forearm
bicipital aponeurosis function - answer to protect the brachial artery and the median
nerve in the cubital fossa
-it also helps lesson the pressure on the biceps tendon on the radial tuberosity during
pronation and supination of the forearm
(Flexor for two joints; shoulder and elbow
Biceps are a supinator only when elbow bent at 90 degrees
Biceps muscle contracted you will pull in (this direction) to supinate)
Bicipital myotatic reflex tests for ____ - answer deep tendon reflex
Biceps brachii function - answer -flexes the arm and forearm
-supinate the forearm when elbow is flexed at 90 degrees (e.g., drive a screw)
Ex: - answer arm wrestling uses the biceps a lot
Biceps tendinitis - answer happens to the tendon of the long head of the biceps
which is enclosed by a synovial sheath and lies in the inter tubercular groove
Biceps tendinitis is caused by ____ - answer repetitive micro trauma from certain
motions such as throwing or using a racquet
Biceps tendinitis symptoms are _____ - answer tenderness and crackling sound
(crepitus) in the region
Biceps tendinitis testing and diagnosis - answer wrestling for pain
Dislocation of the tendon of the long head of the biceps may be caused by _____ -
answer tendinitis and a traumatic separation of the proximal epiphysis of the
humorous
-a popping or catching sensation can be felt
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