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Summary HUMAN REPRODUCTION CH
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Providing class 12th notes of bilogy of chapter human reproduction
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6) ARTIFICIAL METHODSREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
The various methods of contraception a
INTRODUCTION
S
1) DEFINITION 1
3
Barrier
methods IUD
According to WHO, reproductive health means a total well being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e. physical, emotional, social and behavioral.
2
C
Spermicidal
jellies
I
2) REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH : PROBLEMS AND STRATEGIES 3) POPULATION STABILISATION
India was amongst first countries in the world to initiate action plans • According to 2011 census, our population growth rate was less than
7) ARTIFICIAL METHODS
S
to attain reproductive health such as Family Planning Programmes (FPP) in 1951. 2 % i.e. 20/1000/year.
1 2
Helping adolescents by providing
information about reproductive organs, Importance of breast feeding.
Year World Population Indian Population
A
hygienic sexual practices and STIs.
(I) Barrier methods :
Y
Creating awareness about Discouraging children from
care of pregnant mother,
postnatal care of mother 3 4 believing in myths & having
1900 2 billion 350 million • Prevent ovum and sperm from physica
L
misconceptions about
& child. sex-related aspects.
• Self inserted and offer privacy to user.
TASKS PERFORMED (a) Condoms & its &
(a) Condoms types
its typed
5 6 Introduction of sex
Benefits of massive BY 'REPRODUCTIVE
child immunisation. & CHILD HEALTH CARE (RCH) education in schools. Made up of rubber and thin latex
2000 6 billion 1 billion
L
PROGRAMMES'
H
Role of NGOs, audio-visual
Parameter Male Female
& print media in creating
awareness regarding
sex related aspects.
7 8 Benefits of families
with small size. •
•
Region covered
Provides production
• Penis
• Yes
• Vagina and
• Yes
2011 7.2 billion 1.2 billion from STIs
P A
Awareness regarding social evils such
as sex-abuse and sex related crimes. 9 10 Importance of equal opportunities
for male and female child.
Male condom Female c
11 (Nirodh)
Educating people about
birth control options.
• REASONS FOR INCREASE IN POPULATION SIZE : (III) Intra-uterine devices (IUDs) :
W
• Inserted by doctors or expert nurses i
• Measures Taken By Government To Check Population Growth Rate : • IUDs are one of the most widely acce
• Decline in death rate. • Motivate smaller families by using various contraceptive methods with slogans of contraception in India.
• Rapid decline in maternal mortality rate (MMR). "Hum do Hamare do", advertisements and posters.
• Decrease in infant mortality rate (IMR). • Urban couples adopting : "One child norm".
• Increase in number of people in reproducible age. • Statutory raising of marriageable age:
• Increase in health facilities. • Female to 18 years.
• Male to 21 years.
Types
• Incentives given to couples with small families.
• Non medicated IUDs.
• Medicated IUDs.
• Example:
4) BIRTH CONTROL/CONTRACEPTION "Lippe's loop".
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