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CHPN Exam Review – Questions & Complete Solutions
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CHPN Exam Review – Questions & Complete Solutions
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CHPN Exam Review – Questions & Complete SolutionsRigor Mortis Right Ans - - 2-6 hours after death
- adenosine phosphate (ATP) ceases to be synthesized due to depletion of
glycogen stores
- begins in the involuntary muscles (heart, GI, bladder, arteries)
- Ceases after 96 hours
- persons with larger body mass more pronounced to rigor
- persons of smaller mass are less subject to rigor
Nursing implications for Rigor Mortis Right Ans - -natural and immediate
positioning does not impact the appearance of the body
- position person in relaxed peaceful manner
- use petroleum jelly to help close eyelids
- position head on pillow so jaw doesn't hang open
- fold hands
- if rigor mortis does occur funeral home director can massage it out
- reassure family muscles can contract so it can appear that they move
Algor mortis Right Ans - The cooling of the body after death
- temp drops to 1-1.8 degrees celsius
- as body cools it loses its natural elasticity
- if high fever was present before death, body temp is more pronounced and
the person may appear to sweat after death
- body cooling can take more hours to cool if fever present
Nursing implications of algor mortis Right Ans - - can prepare family for
the coolness of the skin to touch or increased moisture explaining changes
- suggest kissing hair instead of skin
- skin becomes fragile, can tear easily
- apply dressings for skin tear with circular bandage or paper tape
- do not place traction on skin
Postmortem decomposition or "Liver Mortis" Right Ans - - discoloration
and softening of the body are caused by breakdown of red blood cells and
resultant relase of hemoglobin that stains vessel walls and tissues
- Appears as mottling or bruising
- appears in dependent parts of body where sking has been punctured (IV or
chest tube sites)
, - becomes extensive in short time
- has gray hue
- in cardiac deaths- face is purple regardless of positioning
Nursing implications for Liver mortis Right Ans - - inform family member
this is normal changes
- prop body on pillows and shoulders/head and raise HOB to 30 degrees
- remove heavy blankets and cover with thin sheet
Beneficence Right Ans - obligation to "do good" to act for another benefit
- consider benefits, burdens, and cost of treatment to ensure beneficence
Nonmaleficence Right Ans - to not inflict harm or "do not harm"
- invoked when deliberating about life prolonging therapies that can harm a
patient by causing increased suffering without increasing quality of life
- can offer justification for withholding/withdrawing treatments
Futility Right Ans - irreversibly- dying patients have reached a point where
further treatment provides no physioogical benefit or is hopeless and optional
- used to justify witholding/withdrawing therapy
- makes judgement based on both values and evidence
Justice Right Ans - fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment in light of
what is due or owed to persons
Distributive justice Right Ans - allocation of scarce healthcare resources
- distribution of societal rights and responsibilities
Vulnerability Right Ans - focus on person susceptibility- internal (age) or
external (socioeconomic status) factors to induce or coercion on the one hand,
or to harm, loss, or indignity on the other
- condition of vulnerability
Integrity Right Ans - being aware and consistently standing up for moral
values
Surrogate decision maker Right Ans - a person designated by a patient to
make health care decisions as the patient would want when the patient
becomes incapable of making decisions
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