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PSYC 1004 EXAM 4
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Exam of 18 pages for the course PSYCH 1004 at PSYCH 1004 (PSYC 1004 EXAM 4)
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PSYC 1004 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS ELABORATION
eSocial Cognition - Correct answer.the thoughts we have about the stimuli in our environment, which
typically arise when a schema is activated
Schemas - Correct answer.Mental categories our brain uses to quickly make a judgment about our
surroundings in order to save processing power. At their most basic level, they help us assess our
approach to stimuli, and more complex schemas can infer personality characteristics of people around us
and suggest how we should act.
Social Cognitive Biases - Correct answer.A reliance on schemas to make assumptions about social
situations; they are often incomplete but have solidified over time and become a bias
Attribution - Correct answer.An assumption of why a person is acting a certain way
Fundamental Attribution Error - Correct answer.Attributing a person's behavior to what we assume to be
his/her personality rather than factors outside of that individual (e.g., the situation)
Self-Serving Bias - Correct answer.Taking credit for our successes and blaming failures on situational
factors in order to maintain a positive view of ourselves
Cognitive Load - Correct answer.The notion that people can only process so much information at once,
given their capabilities and the amount/intensity of the stimuli around them
Cognitive Misers - Correct answer.they try to use as little processing power possible to make decisions,
typically by heavy reliance on schemas to navigate their environment
Affiliation - Correct answer.Connecting with others you identify with in some way
,In-Group - Correct answer.A group with which an individual is affiliated
Out-Group - Correct answer.A group an individual believes s/he is not a part of nor affiliated with in
particular ways
Intergroup Bias - Correct answer.The tendency to favor an in-group (with which we identify) and
undervalue out-groups (those with which we do not identify)
In-Group Favoritism - Correct answer.Believing our in-group is better than certain out-groups, and
benefitting that in-group through thoughts and/or actions
Group-Serving Bias - Correct answer.Accepting positive aspects of our in-group despite evidence that
contradicts these beliefs
Attraction - Correct answer.Feeling interested or drawn to another person as a result of the individual's
characteristics (i.e., physical, intellectual, or emotional) or social standing (i.e., popularity, power, or
affiliation)
Social Comparison - Correct answer.Self-evaluation by comparison with others (i.e., "I'm smarter than
they are" or "I'm more attractive than her/him")
Homogeneity Effect - Correct answer.The assumption that members of a particular out-group are
"homogenous," or very similar to each other on particular characteristics
Stereotypes - Correct answer.Assumptions that members of a particular out-group share certain
characteristics or behaviors
Halo Effect - Correct answer.The tendency to make assumptions about a person based on a single
positive characteristic. This is best understood not in a religious sense (e.g., "good" or angelic) but in
terms of light - a "halo" radiating from a single source of life, like the sun
Prejudice - Correct answer.Negative attitudes resulting from stereotypes
, Intergroup Contact Theory - Correct answer.A theory that states prejudice is based on a lack of , and
more contact between groups will lead to greater understanding and less prejudice
Discrimination - Correct answer.Negative action stemming from a stereotype
Peripheral Route - Correct answer.One of the two paths to changing an attitude; this route of attitude
change attempts to intervene on beliefs that are not very strong
Central Route - Correct answer.One of two paths to changing an attitude; this route of attitude change
attempts to intervene on core beliefs (e.g., personal values or other strongly held ideas)
Reciprocity - Correct answer.A feeling of obligation arising from the notion that we are in debt to
someone when they do us a favor
Ingratiation - Correct answer.A conscious effort to get others to like us
Impression Management - Correct answer.Actively managing the way you believe others perceive you
(e.g., buying clothes you cannot afford to convey an appearance of wealth)
Self-Monitoring - Correct answer.monitoring others' reactions and adjusting our actions to change the
way we believe they perceive us
Consistency - Correct answer.The pressure we feel to behave in ways that are in concert with our
attitudes and beliefs, or to behave in ways we know others expect us to behave
Cognitive Dissonance - Correct answer.Tension or discomfort when an individual's attitudes and beliefs
are not aligned or consistent
Self-Perception Theory - Correct answer.Bashing our attitudes or values from observing what behavior
we choose to perform
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