In conversations with her patients, a physical therapist notices that patients who
are on Workman's Compensation and have supportive supervisors, eager for them
to return to work, have more positive outcomes in rehabilitation than those
patients whose supervisors have a negative attitude toward their employee's
injury: insisting they not return to work until they are at 100% because if anything
less they are "useless to the job".
What type of test could the therapist use to see if these two factors have a
measurable relationship?
ANSWER-Linear regression
Data analysts at a large metropolitan hospital need to determine risk factors
associated with readmission within 30 days via the hospital's emergency room
among patients with COPD. The variables of interest include age, gender,
race/ethnicity, insurance status, and family support. Which statistical technique
should be used?
ANSWER-Regression analysis
Several community health centers across a rural state are gathering data on their
pre-diabetic patients and using A1c levels as a baseline measurement to include
patients in a research project. Three different interventions will be applied.
,One group of patients will receive a special diet to follow; the second group will
work with physical therapists on a regular exercise program; the third group will
follow the diet and engage in the exercise.
Which statistical test will be appropriate to use to determine which treatment is
most effective in controlling pre-diabetes?
ANSWER-ANOVA
A hospital CFO is analyzing the cost benefits of using the patient reminder system,
which was implemented over a year ago, to see if the automated system results in
less missed appointments ("no-shows").
She is comparing quarterly reports from this past year on volume of patients who
did not show up to their appointments, to the volume of patients of the previous
year, who did not show up to their appointments, to see if the automated system
has proven effective. She is considering other variables as she reviews the data,
but is primarily analyzing the number of "no-show" patients from last year's
quarterly reports to this year's.
ANSWER-time series
There are two standard treatments for children with ADHD who display a specific
set of characteristics. One treatment is a cognitive behavioral intervention, and
the other is a dietary and biomedical intervention. Both treatments have equally
strong clinical evidence supporting their efficacy. A researcher proposes a
comparison of the two interventions to determine which is preferable. The
children will be randomized to one of two groups: half of the children will receive
the cognitive behavioral intervention and the other half of the children will
receive the dietary and biomedical intervention. Which test is appropriate to
determining the preferable treatment?
ANSWER-Cross-sectional
, The vice president, CMO, and Operations Team collected data on resources used
by patients who have undergone coronary bypass and the length of stays for a
defined population of patients who received CABG surgery. Since the raw data is
complex to discuss and evaluate, the team will use descriptive statistics to analyze
the data to support their decisions for recommendations.
Which of the following descriptive statistics could prove the most useful?
ANSWER-The mean (average) length of stay and
The mean number of providers seeing each patient each day
Operates through CDC; the National Health Care Surveys are designed to answer
key questions of interest to health care policy makers, public health professionals,
and researchers.
ANSWER-National Healthcare Survey
Operates through the CDC: data on birth, death, marriages, divorces, and fetal
deaths.
ANSWER-National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
Incidence and prevalence of diseases, survival statistics, high-risk populations,
trends over time. Data gathered from medical records, surveys, interviews. NCHS
has responsibility for these databases.
ANSWER-Public Health Databases
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