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MGNT 322 Exam 2 Ch6-9 Test With Complete Solution
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MGNT 322 Exam 2 Ch6-9 TestWith Complete Solution
Motivation - ANSWER Energetic forces that originate within and outside an
employee that initiates work-related effort and determines its direction,
intensity, and persistence. Effective job performances requires both high
levels of ability & motivation.
What do you do? (direction in which their effort is channeled)
How hard do you do it? (intensity of effort)
How long do you do it? (persistence of effort)
Extrinsic motivation - ANSWER Motivation that is controlled by some
contingency that depends on task performance. It is an outside/external
force.
Examples: Goals, incentives, pay, bonuses, promotions, benefits and perks,
spot awards, praise, job security, support, free time, lack of disciplinary
actions and demotions and terminations
Intrinsic Motivation - ANSWER Motivation that is felt when task performance
serves as its own reward. Its an internal/inside force.
The employee finds self-satisfaction and loves the job because it's important
to them.
Examples: Enjoyment, interestingness, accomplishment, knowledge gain, skill
development, personal expression, lack of boredom, lack of anxiety, and lack
,of frustration
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER Cognitive groupings or clusters of
outcomes that are viewed as having critical psychological or physiological
consequences.
Meaning - Self-Actualization
Esteem - Self-regard, growth
Control - autonomy, responsibility
Relatedness - love, belongingness
Existence - Physiological, safety
Expectancy Theory - ANSWER Cognitive process that employees go through
to make choices among different voluntary responses. It is toward certain
outcomes and away from others. It suggest that our choices depend on 3
beliefs that are based in our past learning and experience:
-Expectancy (Effort will result in performance)
-Instrumentality (Perforamnce will result in outcomes)
-Valence (Outcomes will be valuable)
Motivational Force - ANSWER Direction of effort that is dictated by 3 beliefs:
Expectancy(E->P), instrumentality(P->O) and Valence(V). The total
motivational force to perform a given action can be described as:
, Motivational Force = (E->P) x ∑[(P->O) x V]
Expectancy - ANSWER [Under Expectancy Theory]
Effort is directed toward behaviors when effort is believed to result in
performance. Exerting a high level of effort will result in the successful
performance of some task.
Self-efficacy is a branch of expectancy.
EXAMPLE: you'll be more motivated to work on the assignment described if
you're confident that trying hard will allow you to complete it successfully
Self-efficacy - ANSWER [Under expectancy]
Belief that a person has the capabilities needed to execute the behaviors
required for task success.
Past accomplishments, vicarious experiences (taking into account their
observation and discussions with others who have performed such tasks),
verbal persuasion, and emotional cues all shape analyses of how difficult the
task requirements are and how adequate an employee's personal and
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