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PRAXIS 7814 - SCIENCE EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
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PRAXIS 7814 - SCIENCE EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND 100%CORRECT ANSWERS
Position of Earth in the solar system - ANSWER 3rd planet from the sun; 93 million miles
away
light year - ANSWER distance that light travels in one year
e.g., when an event occurs 13 light years away, it takes 13 years to perceive it at Earth
scientific revolution - ANSWER after the age of the Renaissance, modern science
emerged and the heliocentric universe
heliocentric model - ANSWER by Nicolas Copernicus; placed the sun at the center of the
universe; stated the earth rotates on its axis while orbiting around the sun
waxing - ANSWER (of the moon) relating to the time when the moon's visible surface is
growing
waning - ANSWER (of the moon) relating to the time when the moon's visible surface is
diminishing
star - ANSWER a luminous ball of gas that is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium
and is held together by its own gravity; color depends on its temperature: hot stars are
blue and cool stars are red
lunar eclipse - ANSWER when moon passes directly behind Earth into its umbra or
shadow
solar eclipse - ANSWER when the moon moves in front of the sun
,continental drift - ANSWER the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across
Earth's surface.
Earth's magnetic field - ANSWER magnetic lines of force from Earth's polar north and
south, acting like a giant magnet.
crust - ANSWER the outermost solid layer of Earth
mantle - ANSWER the layer of hot, solid material beneath Earth's crust and above the
core that is made up of aluminum and silicates
core - innermost layers of the Earth. Liquid outer core and solid inner core composed of
nickel and iron.
lithosphere - this is the outermost rigid and mechanical layer of the Earth. It consists of
the crust and top of mantle
asthenosphere: beneath the lithosphere, easily flows but is not liquid
mesophere - beneath the asthenosphere, or lower mantle, material flows but it flows
much slower
gases in Earth's atmosphere - ANS 78% of Nitrogen, 21% of Oxygen, .09% of Argon, .01%
of Carbon Dioxide and small traces of Helium, Neon etc.
layers of Earth's atmosphere - ANS in order from outside (above earth) to inside earth:
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
ozone layer - ANSWER absorbs 97-99% of sun's UV light and is in the stratosphere,
human produced chemicals are responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer
, earthquakes - ANSWER caused when plates rub against each other in an opposite
motion, and the rock underground breaks along a fault, release of energy causes
seismic waves that make the ground shake
magnitude rating of earthquakes - ANSWER Minor: 3 to 4.9
Moderate: 5 to 6.9
Great: 7 to 7.9
Major: 8 and above
primary seismic waves - ANS fastest waves and can travel through solids, liquids, and
gases; p waves
secondary seismic waves - ANS travel about half the speed, travel through rock, can't
travel through liquid or gases; s waves
surface waves - ANS seismic waves that move along the earth's surface; slowest of the
3 seismic waves
tsunami - ANSWER huge waves from earthquakes or volcanic eruptions beneath the
ocean. as waves run up onto land, they build into higher and higher heights, speed of
waves depends on ocean depth - deep waters fast, slower with shallow waters
divergent - ANSWER plates are pulling apart
convergent - ANSWER plates are coming together
subduction - ANSWER sideways and downward movement of the edge of the plate into
the mantle beneath another plate (plate going underneath another plate)
Ring of Fire - ANSWER a major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean
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