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Summary ap us history chapter 9 notes
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chapter 9 notes from the apush textbook
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Chapter 9: Articles of Confederation and Constitution- Treaty of Peace, 1783
- Said that America was now a separate independent country
- Had to be ratified by the country and the King and Parliament
- Had articles about land, war prisoners, fishing
- Discussed that the United States still owed Britain money
- Effects of the War
- Women: Responsibility of raising their children democratically (republican
motherhood)
- African Americans: Northern states outlawed slavery during the war, Southern
states did not
- Loyalists: Fled the states (to Canada or England), hurt the United States
economically because they lost a lot of educated and wealthy entrepreneurs
- Soldiers: Elevated in status
- State Governments
- Each state set up its own written plan of government
- Characteristics of new governments:
- Separation of powers: Power was typically split between 3 branches of
government (executive, judicial, legislative had the most power)
- Property requirements were typical for voter eligibility (Pennsylvania
didn’t do this)
- Most states included a bill of rights that outlined basic freedoms (religion,
trial by jury, etc.
- Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom by Thomas Jefferson
(provided religious freedom)
- Government was set up based on republicanism (power comes from the
people)
- Debates over what republicanism would look like
- Articles of Confederation
- 1st national government of the United States
- Written by John Dickinson
- Government could:
- Conduct foreign policy, borrow money, make treaties
- Created a central government with limited power
- Unicameral congress
- No executive branch or court system
- No power to tax
, - Could not regulate trade
- 9 out of 13 votes to pass laws
- All states regardless of size had one vote
- All 13 states must agree to amend an Article
- Financial problems plagued the young nation
- Articles of Confederation Successes and Failures
Successes Failures
- Won and negotiated the Treaty of - Unicameral congress
Peace that ended the revolutionary war - No executive branch or court system
- Land Ordinance of 1785: Got states - No power to tax
to drop the western land claims and
- Could not regulate trade
established the Public Land Survey
Systems, #1 revenue for the government - 9 out of 13 votes to pass laws
early on, set aside land for public - All states regardless of size had one
schools vote
- Northwest Ordinance of 1787: - All 13 states must agree to amend an
Created the system by which territories Article
can be made and can be admitted as - Financial problems plagued the young
states (had to have 60,000 people and
nation
5,000 could vote), had to apply for
statehood by turning in a state - States could print their own money (13
Constitution, no slavery in the different currencies)
Northwest territory - Could not raise an army
- Could legally borrow money and
conduct foreign policy
- Northwest Ordinances
- Land Ordinance of 1784: Established a principle that territories could become
states as their populations grew
- Land Ordinance of 1785: Set up system for surveying and selling land in the Old
Northwest
- Section set aside for public education
- Northwest Ordinance of 1787: Set up the system for territories to enter the union
as new states
- Banned slavery north of the Ohio River (old Northwest)
- Foreign Policy Problems
- British still built forts in the west, disrupted trade, and armed natives
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