Exam (elaborations)
SSFT-Marsch Final PEOPLE Questions and Answers 2024
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SSFT-Marsch Final PEOPLE
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SSFT-Marsch Final PEOPLEPlato - answer Transcendent Forms (pointing up).
his philosophy used by many Christians; deductive way of knowing.
Aristotle - answer Starts with senses; more bottom up that Plato; inductive and empirical
knowledge.
Start with individual things to learn general properties of that kind of thing.
Thought=superior.
Aristotle on Change - answer Change happens because things want to fulfill their
potential and move towards like things.
Aristotle's composition of the Universe - answer Earth, air, fire, water, quintessence
Aristotle's Theory of Change - answer Formal cause (form received by the thing)
Material cause (matter underlying the form)
Efficient cause (agency bringing out change)
Final cause (purpose served by the change)
Aristotle & Kinematics - answer Motion requires an explanation; natural motion of a
body wants to be in its preferred place.
Forced motion: Projectile/pushes and pulls; violent.
Archimedes - answerGreatest/1st mathematical physicist of ancient world. Chief
engineer for king Heiron of Syracuse (built defenses to protect island)
Pliny the Elder - answerWrote the book of everything known; encyclopedia.
Died during the eruption of Vesuvius.
Thales - answer1st of the "7 wisest Greeks"; predicted the eclipse of the sun by
discovering that the moon shines by reflected sunlight.
Had a lot of intellectual descendants including Pythagoras.
Hipparchos - answerGreek astronomer, mathematician, and geographer.
Founder of Trig.
Incidentally discovered procession of equinoxes.
Augustine of Hippo - answerReason coupled with the authority of the scriptures.
Thinking-->knowledge; understanding-->wisdom
Alhazen - answerIslamic mathematician; Book of Optics and Scientific Method.
, Averroes - answerWrote commentaries on Aristotle.
Cocentric view of the Universe.
The Venerable Bede - answerEnglish monk; translated a lot of the work of the early
church Fathers.
"The Father of English History"
Isidore of Seville - answerArchbishop of Seville for 30+ years; wrote Etymologie (an
encyclopedia that complied lots of books from classical antiquity that would have
otherwise been lost).
Aquinas - answerPhilosopher and theologian; foremost classical proponent of natural
theology.
Huge in the areas of ethics, natural law, metaphysics, and political theory.
Robert Grosseteste - answerUsed empirical method to study lenses. Showed you could
make images smaller/bigger; spherical lenses.
teacher of Roger Bacon.
Roger Bacon - answerStudent of Grosseteste; empiricism!!
One of the earliest advocates of scientific method.
used his work with alchemy to distinguish between magic and science.
Interested in optics, mechanics, and astronomy.
Called for church reform.
1st recognized refraction of white light.
Jean Buridan - answerDeveloped concept of impetus which was the first step towards
the concept of inertia.
Explained what happened to a projectile after it has left to projector.
Nicholas Copernicus - answerFormulated the model of the solar system that places the
sun at the center of the universe.
Johannes Kepler - answerCame up with the laws of planetary motion (i.e. that planetary
obits are an ellipse and that the speeds of the planets vary).
Galileo Galilei - answerDeveloped the universal law of acceleration. Began to openly
express his support for Copernican and was accused of heresy.
Made his own telescope and turned it to the heavens.
learned the moon was round and full of craters and the Jupiter has moons that orbit the
planet, not the earth.
Gathered a lot of info supporting Copernican which got him into a lot of trouble with the
church.
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