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Wartime production heaved Canada out of the great depression,1947 oil boom occurred in west, great for economy, mainly in Alberta
Most popular products Canadians bought after cashing in victory bonds: Snowmobile,
automobile, clothes/household products.
Igor Gouzenko discovered a spy ring in Russia, causing the start of the Cold War.
Nato established in year - 1949
First major conflict Canada involved in was Korean War
New province that was created in Canada in 1949 - Newfoundland, premier - Joe SmallWood
CBC started broadcasting at September 1952
Hurricane Hazel occurred in 1954
Marylin Bell first to swim across lake Ontario
Top 3 countries in military and civilian deaths after WW2 - USSR, Germany and Austria, Poland
Soviet put communist parties on countries they controlled
Chinese civil war fought between Nationalists(Chiang-Kai Shek) and Communists(Mao Zedong)
USSR had wealth(natural resources), largest military, and population
Greatest imperial Power(USA), because of their colonies.
The United Nations was created in April 1945.
3 organization goals: to help advance justice and law throughout the world. To defend human
rights and help promote equality among different individuals and groups around the globe. To
encourage friendly relations among nations.
Iron curtain - division of communist and democratic countries in Europe
Truman’s doctrine shaped American foreign policy in the post-war years, democratic instead of
communist
North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO)
Marshall Plan - recovery of nations devastated from war, worked well
Many jobs in construction, families moving to new homes, more construction jobs in 1950s
Lester Pearson won the Nobel peace prize for his contributions in resolving the Suez Crisis in
1956.
Ellen Fairclough was significant because she was appointed as Canada's first women Cabinet
minister in 1956.
Sputnik was the world's first man made satellite.
The St. Lawrence seaway allowed ships to travel 3 000 km inland to the industrial heart of North
America.
Aboriginal people finally got the right to vote in 1960.
Auto manufacturing and petroleum had heavy American ownership.
The Canadian government urged people to build nuclear fallout shelters in their homes.
The Americans pressured PM Diefenbaker to arm Canada with nuclear weapons, which he
refused.
The CCF and Canadian labor party formed the New Democratic Party (NDP) in 1961.
The Cold War(1945 and 1991) was fought using espionage and propaganda.
the West and USSR never fought each other directly but used the tactic of “proxy” wars (where
smaller allied countries fought each other).
Stalin installed puppet communist regimes in countries it captured
1948 - Russia developed atomic bomb
, Nationalist fled to Taiwan
First, North Korea invaded South Korea, Communists almost took over before counterattack
from UN - resulted in a tie
Stalin died successor - Nikita Khruschev
Early 1950s - war between vietnam and french forces. Big embarrassment for United states and
Nato
In 1956, Egypt seized the Suez canal. The British and France who owned the Canal got Israel
to fight them. Almost led to Nuclear war before Lester Pearson proposed a solution.
1956- Hungary attempted to break from the USSR with revolution but failed.
Us and Canada set up NORAD(North American Aerospace Defence command) in 1958, there
were radar stations called the DEW line all over arctic Distant Early warning line
Threat of MAD mutually assured destruction . Canada developed the Avro Arrow, but
Diefenbaker canceled it very expensive.
Diefenbaker under pressure to install Bomarc Missiles to defend against USSR
Refused diefenbaker USA MAD
Canada was middle power
No population size to be superpower, but more powerful than minor powers
Cuban communists under Fidel Castro toppled the government and took power - 1959
Cuban missile crisis occurred in 1961 when Cuba allowed theUSSR to install nuclear missiles
on Cuban soil. Came very close to nuclear war again.
Berlin war creation
China created atomic bomb in 1964
1968 czechoslovakia tried to break from USSR but failed
1975 - USA left vietnam war, vietnam fully conquered by north communist
1979 - USSR invaded afghanistan, USA supported anti-soviet forces in afghanistan but USSR
had to leave in 1989 after defeat
New leader of USSR - Michael Gorbachev(1980), he ended the cold war by advocating
more freedom and openness with the west, called “Glasnost”.
1990 Berlin War taken down.
1991 USSR dissolved at the end of the Cold war.
Expo 1967 in Montreal
Montreal became the largest French television production center in the world.
Resource-based stocks
The young men protested against the adult world by wearing shoulder length hair and
sideburns.
It was “just watch me” Pierre Trudeau’s response to FLQ crisis
Paul Henderson goal beat Russia in 1972
Feb 15, 1965 at Parliament Hill - Canadian flag first shown
Lester B Pearson created Canadian flag
Canada’s largest industry - auto manufacturing
Unemployment worst in 1970s - newfoundland
Crees and Inuits gained most control of Northern quebec
Popular dress material - polyester
Nadia Comanecia scored first ever perfect 10
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