Natural selection - ️️Darwin's Theory for explaining how new species evolve and
how existing species change over time.
- Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotype) results
from the interaction of organisms with their environment
Peripheral Nervous Syst...
Exam 1 - Psy 220 - Behavioral
Neuroscience - WWU
Natural selection - ✔️✔️Darwin's Theory for explaining how new species evolve and
how existing species change over time.
- Differential success in the reproduction of different characteristics (phenotype) results
from the interaction of organisms with their environment
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - ✔️✔️All the neurons in the body located outside
the brain and spinal cord. Provides sensory and motor connections to and from the
CNS.
Hemisphere - ✔️✔️Refers to one side of the cerebrum
Brainstem - ✔️✔️Central structure of the brain responsible for most unconscious
behavior. Includes the hindbrain, midbrain, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
Cerebellum - ✔️✔️Major structure of the Brainstem specialized for coordinating and
learning skilled movements
Neuron - ✔️✔️Specialized nerve cell engaged in information processing
Spinal Cord - ✔️✔️Part of the CNS encased within the vertebrae (spinal column) that
provides most of the connects between the brain and the rest of the body.
Central Nervous System (CNS) - ✔️✔️The brain and spinal cord. Together they
mediate behavior.
Cerebrum (forebrain) - ✔️✔️Major structure of the forebrain that consists of two
virtually identical hemispheres and is responsible for most conscious behavior.
Embodied Language - ✔️✔️Hypothesis that the movements we make and the
movements we perceive in others are central to communication with others.
Psyche - ✔️✔️Synonym for mind, an entity once proposed to be a source of human
behavior.
Mind - ✔️✔️Proposed nonmaterial entity responsible for intelligence, attention,
awareness and consciousness.
, Mentalism - ✔️✔️Explanation of behavior as a function of a nonmaterial mind
Dualism - ✔️✔️Philosophical position that holds that both a nonmaterial mind and a
material body contribute to behavior.
Mind-Body Problem - ✔️✔️Quandary of explaining how a nonmaterial mind and a
material body interact.
Materialism - ✔️✔️Philosophical position that holds that behavior can be explained as
a function of the brain and the rest of the nervous system without explanatory recourse
to the mind.
Species - ✔️✔️Group of organisms that can interbreed
Phenotype - ✔️✔️A characteristic that can be seen or measured.
Genotype - ✔️✔️Particular genetic makeup of an individual.
Epigenetics - ✔️✔️Differences in gene expression related to environment and
experience.
Minimally conscious state (MCS) - ✔️✔️condition in which a person can display some
rudimentary behaviors, like smiling or uttering a few words, but otherwise is not
conscious.
Traumatic Brain injury (TBI) - ✔️✔️Wound to the brain that results from a blow to the
head
Persistent vegetative state (PVS) - ✔️✔️Condition in which a person is alive but unable
to communicate or to function independently at even the most basic level.
Clinical trial - ✔️✔️Consensual experiment directed toward developing a treatment.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) - ✔️✔️Neurosurgery in which electrodes implanted in the
brain stimulate a targeted area with a low voltage electrical current to stimulate
behavior.
Common ancestor - ✔️✔️Forebearer from which two or more lineages or family groups
arise and so is ancestral to both groups.
Nerve Net - ✔️✔️simple nervous system that has no brain or spinal cord but consists of
neurons that receive sensory information and connects directly to other neurons that
move muscles.
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