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NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Study Guide Solution Updated 2024
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NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Study Guide Solution Updated 2024 HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - ANSWER-can use urine, saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate 4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard" measures P24 antigen ...

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  • November 19, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Study Guide
Solution Updated 2024

HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - ANSWER✔✔-can use urine, saliva, or serum

(most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to see antibodies, >99%

accurate


4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"


measures P24 antigen


can test 10 days post exposure


Mast cell - ANSWER✔✔-Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue

close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process.


Histamine - ANSWER✔✔-Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability,

increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling.


Cytokines - ANSWER✔✔-Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or

adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-inflammatory or

anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more delayed.




Copyright ©SOPHIABENNETT 2025 ACADEMIC YEARALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 1/22

,Leukotrines - ANSWER✔✔-Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong the

inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils, monocytes, and

eosinophils.target of inhibition for singular.


Prostaglandins - ANSWER✔✔-Released when mast cells degranulate, are produced by

the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation at site of injury, pain,

and fever.


Chemotactic factors - ANSWER✔✔-Biochemical substance that attracts leukocyte to the

site of inflammation


Neutrophils - ANSWER✔✔-Predominant leukocyte at work during the early stages of

acute inflammation


Monocytes - ANSWER✔✔-Become macrophages when entering the tissue, responsible

for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell immunity and B-cell

immunity.


Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.


Cytokine IL1 function - ANSWER✔✔-Causes fever, activates phagocytes &

lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a


Cytokine IL6 function - ANSWER✔✔-Stimulates production of acute phase reactants

and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs




Copyright ©SOPHIABENNETT 2025 ACADEMIC YEARALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 2/22

, Cytokine TNF function - ANSWER✔✔-Causes fever, increases synthesis of

proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis


Cytokine growth factor function - ANSWER✔✔-Promotes production and maturation

of neutrophils


Complement - ANSWER✔✔-Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and

increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and

opsonization.


Kinin - ANSWER✔✔-Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and

chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.


Coagulation cascade - ANSWER✔✔-Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin

mesh to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.


COX1 - ANSWER✔✔-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides gastroprotection,

platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance


COX2 - ANSWER✔✔-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible for pain,

fever, renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.


COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications - ANSWER✔✔-Protect gastric mucosa- prevent

ulcers and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events except for Celebrex. Can

impair renal function , monitor labs.


Arachidonic pathway purpose - ANSWER✔✔-Synthesis of prostaglandins

Copyright ©SOPHIABENNETT 2025 ACADEMIC YEARALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Page 3/22

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