PRAXIS SCIENCE 5905 EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM
NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 400
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Atoms - ANSWER smallest unit of matter
cells - ANSWER smallest unit of life
individual organisms - ANSWER smallest unit of ecological study
individuals - ANSWER one organism of a specific species
Populations - ANSWER All the members of one species in a particular area
community - ANSWER small group of interacting species
EX: a group of humans, along with their dogs, cats, trees, etc.
ecosystem - ANSWER A specific area with interaction of living (biotic) and nonliving
(abiotic) factors.
EX: A group of humans, plants, and animals living on a farm
habitat - ANSWER Place where an organism lives
niche - ANSWER the relationships and activities of an organism within its habitat
EX: a red squirrel's niche: eats nuts, lives within the hollows of trees, and drinks water
from streams
producers - ANSWER Organisms that produce their own food
consumers - ANSWER Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for
food.
decomposers - ANSWER an organism that breaks down dead matter for energy and
nutrients. Returns unused nutrients to the soil.
,trophic level - ANSWER Each step in a food chain or food web
Primary consumers - ANSWER are called herbivores since they only eat plants. They
occupy the second trophic level because they derive all the energy they need from the
first trophic level.
Secondary consumers - ANSWER an organism in a food chain that eats primary
consumers. May be omnivores or carnivores.
EX: Lizards
Tertiary consumers - ANSWER are organisms that primarily eat secondary consumers.
apex predator - ANSWER the top predator in an ecosystem
external stimuli - ANSWER situations that affect them in their environment
internal stimuli - ANSWER something that occurs within an organism and can cause a
response by the organism
EX: release of hormones
Learned responses - ANSWER are not present at birth and must be taught, such as
methods to find food and the ability to read. Teaching a dog tricks is another example of
a learned response.
Instinctual responses - ANSWER do not have to be taught and are naturally present at
birth. Fight or flight responses, migration, reaction to hunger and thirst, pupil dilation,
and shivering when cold are instincts that take over when a stimulus occurs.
Competition - ANSWER the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with
limited resources
Intraspecific competition - ANSWER competition between members of the same
species
EX: two male bighorn sheep fighting for a mate
Structural adaptations - ANSWER are changes in physical features that help the
organism survive
Behavioral adaptations - ANSWER are things that organisms do naturally, usually to
avoid harm
Charles Darwin - ANSWER English natural scientist who formulated a theory of
evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)
, Biodiversity - ANSWER The number of different types of species in an area
Greenhouse Gases - ANSWER gases which, when present in elevated quantities in
Earth's atmosphere, trap solar radiation and cause the planet to warm (Carbon Dioxide)
Interdependent Species - ANSWER Species rely on one another for food, shelter,
competition, cooperation, and symbiosis
cell wall - ANSWER A rigid outer membrane that gives the cell their shape and offers
support for growth. In plants, it is made of cellulose. In bacteria, it is made of
peptidoglycan
Migration / Gene Flow - ANSWER movement of individuals of a species
Abiotic Factors / Physical Factors - ANSWER Factors in an ecosystem which are not
alive
temperature, precipitation, soil
Law of Independent Assortment - ANSWER The process by which each pair of
chromosomes separates randomly, creating diverse gametes.
Adaptation - ANSWER A feature that has become common in a population because it
provides some improved function which makes the organism better able to survive and
reproduce. It can be structural or behavioral. (migration in winter)
Natural Selection - ANSWER the process by which, over time, the population as a
whole contains more individuals who are better suited to that environment.
Structural Adaptation - ANSWER an inherited change in physical features that helps
organisms survive
EX: longer necks in tortoises to reach food
Habitat - ANSWER the natural environment of a living organism
Acquired Behaviors / Learned Responses - ANSWER behaviors that an organism
exhibits because they were taught either by their parents or learned as a response to
their environment.
EX: language
Incomplete Metamorphosis - ANSWER a three-stage cycle in which young look different
than the adults, but it's not as drastic of a change as it is in complete metamorphosis.
consists of three stages: egg, larva (nymph), and adult;
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