Three stages of empyema - ANS-Exudative
Fibrinopurulent
Organizing
five Criteria of a solitary pulmonary nodule - ANS-1. Unmarried
2. <3 cm
3. Surrounded by normal lung
4. No adenopathy
5. No pleural effusion
5-YS after resection of solitary brain met for lung cancer - ANS-20%
Accessory muscles of respiration - ANS-SCM
Levators
Serratus posterior
Scalenes
Adson's test for thoracic outlet syndrome - ANS-Decreased radial pulse with head turned toward
ipsilateral side (subclavian artery compression - arterial TOS)
Alveolar, arterial, and venous pressures in lung zones in upright person - ANS-Zone I: PA > Pa
> Pv
Zone II: Pa > PA > Pv
Zone III: Pa > Pv > PA
Anterior mediastinal tumors - ANS-T's
Thyroid
Parathyroid
T-cellular lymphoma
Thymoma
Teratoma
Cystic hygroma
Anterior structures when looking into middle mediastinum with mediastinoscopy -
ANS-Innominate vein
Innominate artery
proper PA
Best diagnostic check for a tracheo-esophageal fistula - ANS-Bronch - pull tracheostomy or ETT
back typically see a huge hole 1-2 cm beneath the tracheal stoma
Best diagnostic test for lung abscess - ANS-CT chest - air fluid stages
Best surgical technique for arterial TOS - ANS-Supraclavicular
Best surgical technique for neurogenic and venous TOS - ANS-Transaxillary
Blood supply lower 2/three of trachea - ANS-bronchial arteries
Blood deliver lung parenchyma - ANS-bronchial arteries
Blood deliver upper 2/three of trachea - ANS-inferior thyroid arteries
Borders of scalene triangle - ANS-SCM anterior
, Trapezius posterior
Subclavian vein inferior
IJ medial
Omohyoid superior
Causes of huge hemoptysis - ANS-TB (MCC typical causes bronchial and pulmonary artery
aneurysms)
Bronchiectasis (MC from cystic fibrosis, dilated bronchial arteries)
Lung abscess (bronchial arteries)
Chemotherapy for germ mobile tumors of the mediastinum - ANS-Cisplatin
Bleomycin
Etoposide
Claggett process - ANS-for bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy - fill post
pneumonectomy space with everlasting abx answer and bronchus coverage with intercostal
muscle flap
Criteria for high hazard with solitary pulmonary nodule (four) - ANS-1. Age >60
2. Size >2.2 cm
three. Speculated
four. Current smoker
Criteria for intermediate hazard with solitary pulmonary nodule (four) - ANS-1. Age 45-60
2. Length 1.5-2.2 cm
three. Scalloped
four. Modern smoker or end <7 years ago
Criteria for low risk with solitary pulmonary nodule (6) - ANS-1. Age <45
2. Never smoked or quit >7 years ago
3. Smooth lesion
4. Size <1.5 cm
five. Popcorn calcification (hamartoma) or laminated calcification (granuloma)
6. No change in CXR in 2 years
Diagnosis and assessment for operability for lung most cancers - ANS-CXR
CT C/A/P
Chest MRI - first-rate for spinal twine invasion and advanced sulcus tumors
Head MRI best if sx (headache)
bone experiment for bone pain or multiplied alk phos simplest
Bronchoscopy
Labs (LFTs)
PET scan
EKG (stress check if important)
PFTs, ABG, DLCO
Diagnosis of arterial TOS - ANS-angio
Diagnosis of venous TOS - ANS-duplex U/S
Gold general is venogram but it takes too long
Diagnosis or pleural effusions - ANS-thoracentesis and pleural bx 80% correct (bad for
mesothelioma)
VATS ninety five% accurate
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