RNSG 1341 Exam 1 study Sheet MedSurg
Exam Questions With Verified Answers
What is the process for consenting to surgery by an emancipated minor? - answer✔An
emancipated minor is one who is younger than the legal age of consent but is recognized as
having the legal capacity to provide consent. Procedures for obtaining consent vary among
states and agencies. Follow your state's nurse practice act and agency policies that apply to a
specific situation.
Where are the incisions with a laparoscopic cholecystectomy? - answer✔- surgery will involve
multiple small incisions
- A laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a surgery during which the doctor removes your
gallbladder. This procedure uses several small cuts instead of one large one. A laparoscope, a
narrow tube with a camera, is inserted through one incision. This allows your doctor to see your
gallbladder on a screen.
Which diagnostic studies may be done to reveal kidney disease? - answer✔Assess for a history
of renal or urinary tract diseases, such as chronic kidney disease or repeated urinary tract
infections. Record the present disease state and current treatment.
What should the nurse do when it is discovered that s/he has seasonal and food allergies? -
answer✔Record all drug intolerances and allergies and, if needed, place an allergy identification
band on the patient on the day of surgery.
If a preoperative patient reports being highly anxious about the upcoming surgery, what is the
best way to promote a good surgical outcome - answer✔You can decrease some anxiety for the
patient by giving information about what to expect. This is often done through classes or Web-
based or audiovisual teaching materials before surgery. Inform the surgeon if the patient needs
more information or has excessive anxiety.
Effect of ginko before surgery - answer✔Avoid garlic, vitamin E, ginkgo, and fish oils because
they can increase bleeding.
What will happen if the patient ingests a lot of liquids just before surgery? - answer✔Restricting
fluids and food is designed to reduce the risk for pulmonary aspiration and nausea and vomiting
Pre-op considerations for older adults? - answer✔- requires careful evaluation
- primary HCP is usually not the surgeon
- there are often several HCP involved in care
- be aware of anxieties and fears
- Assess and record baseline sensory and cognitive function
- may need more time to complete preoperative testing and understand preoperative
instructions. These changes also require you to pay more attention to promote patient safety
and prevent injury.
- When older adults live in a long-term care or assisted living facility, you may need to
coordinate transportation from these facilities so that timely arrival allows for surgery
preparation.
- A legal representative of the patient must be present to provide consent for surgery if the
patient cannot sign for himself or herself.
- Finally, determine the presence of or need for caregiver support for the older adult
undergoing surgery
Why might extra time be needed for the prep care of an older adult? - answer✔In planning
care, consider the patient's physiologic status, not only the chronologic age. The surgical risk in
the older adult relates to normal physiologic aging and changes that compromise organ
function, reduce reserve capacity, and limit the body's ability to adapt to stress. This decreased
ability to cope with stress, often compounded by the burden of one or more chronic illnesses,
and the surgery itself increase the risk for complications.
What pre-op labs should cause concern? - answer✔Ensure that all laboratory and diagnostic
reports are in the patient's chart. Missing reports may result in a delay or cancellation of the
surgery.
Why are pre-op checklists used the day of surgery? - answer✔• Use a preoperative checklist
(Table 17.9) to make sure you have completed all required preparations.
• This is especially important to do before the patient receives any sedating drugs.
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