Exam (elaborations)
bioethics chapter 10 Questions and Answers 2024
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bioethics chapter 10
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bioethics chapter 10What is euthanasia? - answer directly or indirectly bringing about the death of another
person for that person's sake (to relieve pain or suffering).
What is the difference between active and passive euthanasia? - answer active:
performing and action that directly causes someone to die.
passive: allowing someone to die by not doing something that would prolong life.
What relevant moral distinction is there (according to some views) between active and
passive euthanasia? - answer some argue that active euthanasia is killing, whereas
passive is simply letting a person die.
What is the difference between voluntary, involuntary, and non-voluntary euthanasia? -
answer Voluntary: euthanasia performed when a competent patient voluntarily requests
or agrees to it.
Involuntary: bringing about someone's death against their will or without asking for
consent although they are competent to decide.
non-voluntary: when a patient isn't competent to choose for themselves and hasn't
previously disclosed any preferences.
What is physician-assisted suicide? - answera patient's taking his or her own life with
the aid of a physician.
Explain the difference between the three alternative theories of death: the traditional
view, the whole brain view, and the higher brain standard. - answertraditional: death is
the cessation of breathing and heartbeat.
whole brain view: an individual shelf be judged dead when all brain functions
permanently stop.
higher brain standard: individuals are dead when the higher brain functions responsible
for consciousness permanently close down.
What arguments are there for the moral permissibility of active voluntary euthanasia?
(Be able to state one argument.) - answerautonomy: respecting people's inherent right
of self-determination means respecting their autonomous choices about ending their
lives.
beneficence: if we are in a position to relieve the severe suffering of another without
excessive cost to ourselves or others, we have an obligation to do so.
What arguments are there against the moral permissibility of active voluntary
euthanasia? (Be able to state one argument.) - answerthere is a moral deference
between killing and letting die, and there is also a moral difference between intending
someone's death and not intending but foreseeing it.
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