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2024 CRITICAL THINKING EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 CRITICAL THINKING EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 CRITICAL THINKING EXAM WITHCORRECT ANSWERS
Critical Thinking - CORRECT ANSWERS- The systematic evaluation or formulation of
beliefs or statements by rational standards
Assertion (Statement) - CORRECT ANSWERS- A declarative sentence that is
intended to make a claim of some sort. I.e. I am taller than you
Premise - CORRECT ANSWERS- A statement that is offered in a support of a
conclusion
Statistical Syllogism - CORRECT ANSWERS- Inductive arguments that apply a
statistical generalization-claim about what is true of most members of a group-to a
specific member of the group. In analyzing this, you need to be able to identify:
individual being examined, group ind'l is said to belong to, characteristic, proportion
of group said to have this characteristic
Analogical Induction - CORRECT ANSWERS- Analogies can be used to argue
inductively for a conclusion. The more similarity there is b/w the two things, the
more likely the conclusion is. Can be judged according to: relevant similarities,
relevant dissimilarities, # of instances compared, diversity among cases
Casual Argument - CORRECT ANSWERS- Answers questions like those making
casual claims. Casual claim is an assertion of the cause of something
Conclusion - CORRECT ANSWERS- A statement that is held to be support by a
premise or premises.
, Argument - CORRECT ANSWERS- Set of statements; on of which (conclusion) is
taken to be supported by the remaining statements (the conclusion)
Inference - CORRECT ANSWERS- The move from a premise(s) to a conclusion(s)
Conclusion Indicators - CORRECT ANSWERS- Thus, therefore, we may conclude, so,
it follows that, entails, consequently
Premise indicators - CORRECT ANSWERS- Since, because, for, as, given that, in as
much as, for the reason that
Deductively Valid - CORRECT ANSWERS- If it is impossible for the premises to be
true, while the conclusion is false. (conclusion would have to be true too)
Deductively Sound - CORRECT ANSWERS- Only if the argument is deductively valid,
and all premises are true.
Inductive Strength - CORRECT ANSWERS- An argument is this only if the conclusion
is probably true, given the premises.
Explanation - CORRECT ANSWERS- tells us how or why something is the case
Category 1 (Impediment to critical thinking) - CORRECT ANSWERS- Obstacles that
arise because of how we think. Self-Interested thinking (accepting a claim because
it coincides with our interests) and Group-Thinking (peer pressure, and
stereotyping)
Category 2 (Impediment to critical thinking) - CORRECT ANSWERS- Obstacles that
arise because of what we think. Issues because of our views about truth and
knowledge
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