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NS 1410 Exam 1 Part 2: Questions/Answers
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NS 1410 Exam 1 Part 2: Questions/Answers
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NS 1410 Exam 1 Part 2: Questions/AnswersAppetite Right Ans - psychological desire to consume food
Hunger Right Ans - physiological sensation that drives us to eat
Satiety Right Ans - the feeling of being food
Peristalsis Right Ans - the muscular contractions that move food through
the GI tract
Segmentation Right Ans - a unique pattern of motility
Chyme Right Ans - semi solid product of digestion in the stomach
Mucus Right Ans - moistens the food and oral cavity, layer protects the
stomach lining from the acid in gastric juices
Sphincter muscles Right Ans - muscles that control the passage of food
material from one organ to the next
Primary site for absorption of nutrients Right Ans - small intestine
What allows the small intestine greater surface area Right Ans - villi/
microvilli
Mechanical digestion Right Ans - physical breakdown of food (chewing,
mixing, squeezing)
Where does mechanical digestion occur Right Ans - mouth, stomach
Chemical digestion Right Ans - enzymes break down food into smaller
molecules
Where does chemical digestion occur Right Ans - mouth, stomach, small
intestine
Role of vascular system Right Ans - blood circulatory system or
bloodstream, heart serves as the pump, transports water soluble nutrients
, Role of lymphatic system Right Ans - one way route for fluid from tissue
spaces to enter the blood, has no pump, transports water insoluble nutrients
Role of nervous system Right Ans - stimulate/ regulate secretions,
stimulate muscle contractions
Role of hormonal (endocrine) system Right Ans - chemical messenger,
secreted by a variety of glands and organs
Cellular absorption
Belching (burping) Right Ans - primarily caused by swallowed air, eating
too fast, improperly fitted dentures, and chewing gum
Flatulence (intestinal gas) Right Ans - s normal process that may be caused
by bacteria that act on partially digest carbohydrates, foods that humans
cannot fully digest
Heartburn Right Ans - caused by hydrochloric acid in esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux disease Right Ans - painful persistent heartburn,
sphincter does not close properly, hiatal hernia, cigarette smoking or alcohol
use, being over weight, pregnancy, chocolate, large high fat meal, lying down
soon after a meal
Vomiting Right Ans - waves of peristalsis reverse direction, dehydration
can occur and fluid and electrolyte replacement may be necessary
Diarrhea Right Ans - frequent passage of loose watery stools, caused by
infection of the GI tract, stress, food intolerances, reactions to medications,
bowel disorders, treatment: plenty of fluid and electrolyte replacement
Constipation Right Ans - infrequent hard, small, difficult to pass stools,
caused by: dehydration, low fiber intake, ignoring urges to defecate, slow
motility, medication, calcium/ iron, treatment: eat dietary fiber, drink more
fluids, regular physical activity
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