Exam (elaborations)
NUR406 Neuro Exam 2024/2025
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NUR406 Neuro Exam 2024/2025 NUR406 Neuro Exam 2024/2025 NUR406 Neuro Exam 2024/2025
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NUR406 Neuro ExamNeurons consist of - ANS cell body, axon, and several dendrites
what contains the nucleus in a neuron - ANS The cell body (soma)
______________ receive impulses from axons of other neurons and carry to cell body - ANS Dendrites
space between the neurons - ANS synapse
white matter - ANS Myelin
Gray matter - ANS Soma
Tight around the axon
Insulates the impulse to make the impulse travel faster - ANS Myelinated
loosely wrapped around the axon, creating a slower impulse - ANS Unmyelinated
similar to the rough ER, synthesizes proteins in the neuron - ANS Nissl Bodies
space in between the myelin sheath, when action potential comes down the axon, it jumps over the
gaps making it move faster (saltatory conduction) - ANS Node of Ranvier
gap before the synapse - ANS Pre-synaptic gap
Gap after the synapse - ANS Post-synpatic gap
,___________ must be involved in sending the action potential across the synapse - ANS Calcium
Inactivator of acetylcholine - ANS acetylcholinesterase
what nourish and support the neuron - ANS Neuroglia
form blood brain barrier, permeable to potassium
aid in healing when there is injury to the area - ANS Astrocytes
protective of the brain, especially to drugs, protects the brain from drugs being able to get through - ANS
blood brain barrier (BBB)
secrete CSF - ANS ependymal cells
what is stored at the presynaptic cleft? - ANS Neurotransmitters
Provide support, nourishment, & protection for neurons
Comprise ~ ½ of total brain and spinal cord volume
"nerve glue" - ANS Neuroglia or Glial cells
What are the functions of Neuroglia or Glial cells - ANS May produce myelin (oligodendrocytes in the
CNS & Schwann cells in the PNS)
act as phagocytes (microglia)
aid in secretion of CSF (ependymal cells)
form BBB and aid in conduction of impulses (astrocytes)
,what produce myelin in the CNS - ANS oligodendrocytes
What proceed myelin in the PNS - ANS Schwann cells
The nerve impulse involves an action potential that travels down the ______ and is "carried" across the
synapse to the ___________ of other neurons by chemicals known as ___________ - ANS axon
dendrites
neurotransmitters
Provide communication between neurons by allowing transmission of impulse across the synaptic gap -
ANS Neurotransmitters
excitatory neurotransmitters - ANS increase Na+ permeability
Inhibitory neurotransmitters - ANS Decrease potassium and chloride permeability
cholinergic transmission
Primary chemical in PNS - ANS Acetylcholine
adrenergic receptor type
involved in the SNS - ANS Norepinephrine
what two things are needed for brain function - ANS O2 and Glucose
end of thee spinal cord with only neurons and blood vessels
, where the spinal cord ends and a continuous space of where the spinal nerves continue - ANS Cuada
Equina
carries the impulse, electrical or chemical, a way from the cell body to a synapse - ANS Axon
bring impulses to the cell body, down the axon, down the myelin sheath, off the axon terminal
Receives impulses from other cells - ANS Dendrites
raised ridges in the brain - ANS Gyrus
groves of the brain - ANS Sulcus
The CNS includes - ANS brain and spinal cord
3 major parts of the brain - ANS cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem
4 lobes of the cerebrum - ANS frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital.
the inward flow of positive ions. The rapid inflow of sodium ions produces local positive currents,
causing the sodium channels in this part of the membrane to open. - ANS Depolarization
the phase during which the polarity of the resting membrane potential is reestablished. this is
accomplished with sodium channel closure and potassium channel opening. - ANS Repolarization
support unlearned and learned postures and movements, which improve upper motor neuron
controlled manipulative movements.
automatic and learned movements - ANS Basal Ganglia
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