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UNE Medical Biochemistry Midterm Review Questions and Answers
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UNE Medical Biochemistry Midterm Review Questions and Answers
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UNE Medical Biochemistry MidtermReview Questions and Answers
Ribose and NADPH - Answers -A family presents for genetic counseling. The couple
has two female children who are alive and well; however, their infant son recently died
in the nursery with severe hemolysis (lysis of red blood cells) and jaundice. The wife
recalls she lost a brother in infancy with severe hemolysis, induced after a viral
infection. The physician suspects a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency,
this would result in a deficiency in which of the following compounds in red blood cells?
Transketolase - Answers -A patient presents to the emergency department with lactic
acidosis. A deficiency in thiamine (TPP) is suspected and this will be consistent with a
decrease in the activity of following enzymes?
UDP-Glucose - Answers -Galactose 1-phosphate is initially converted to glucose 1-
phosphate and requires which of the following compounds?
Thiamine diphosphate - Answers -Which of the following cofactors is required for
transketolase activity?
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate - Answers -Aldolase B facilities a reaction that cleaves
fructose 1-phosphate into two 3-carbon molecules that will enter glycolysis as which of
the following compounds?
Glycolysis - Answers -High levels of activity of the non-oxidative portion of the pentose
phosphate pathway will directly produce intermediates of which of the following
pathways?
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase - Answers -The major regulatory step of the
pentose phosphate pathway is catalyzed by which enzyme?
VLDL particles - Answers -Insulin stimulates fatty acid synthesis in the liver. These fatty
acids are transported to the adipose tissue as which of the following?
Free fatty acids - Answers -A young woman goes to work without eating breakfast and
skips lunch. In this scenario, which of the following pathways is providing substrates
used to generate ATP in the liver?
Glucagon - Answers -Caffeine is a natural inhibitor of phosphodiesterase. If you were to
consume a large amount of coffee you would likely see a prolonged response to which
of the following stimulants or hormones?
, They enhance transcription when bound to receptors - Answers -A teenage female
presenting with lack of menstruation (amenorrhea) is found to have a dysfunctional
steroid receptor characteristic of androgen insensitivity syndrome. Which of the
following statements accurately describes steroid hormones?
Intracellular receptors - Answers -Steroid hormones bind which of the following types of
receptors?
They are specific to a chemical messenger - Answers -Which of the following is a
characteristic of all receptors?
Free fatty acids - Answers -What is the primary oxidized fuel for skeletal muscle in the
fasted state?
Cyclic-AMP response element binding protein (CREB) - Answers -cAMP elicits multiple
cellular responses. The effects of cAMP on gene transcription are directly mediated by
which of the following DNA binding proteins?
GLUT4 - Answers -An individual is recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. In this
individual, hyperglycemia may in part be due to inactivity of which of the following
glucose transporters on skeletal muscle?
Adenylyl cyclase - Answers -Glycogen degradation in the liver can be enhanced by
elevated glucagon and the activation of a Gαs receptor. The initial step in this cascade
involves which of the following second messengers or active enzymes?
2 - Answers -Which of the following combinations of compounds is required to fully
activate pyruvate carboxylase (+ indicates compound is necessary; - indicates
compound is not necessary)?
1. Biotin + Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate + Malate -
2. Biotin + Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate - Malate -
3. Biotin - Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate + Malate +
4. Biotin - Acetyl-CoA - Oxaloacetate + Malate +
Acetyl-CoA - Answers -Which of the following compounds is not a substrate for
gluconeogenesis?
Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency - Answers -A 1-month-old boy is brought to the
emergency department in a coma after sleeping through the night and failing to awaken
in the morning. He is given intravenous glucose and awakens. Serum levels of
pyruvate, lactate, and alanine are elevated, whereas oxaloacetate and aspartate levels
are reduced. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?
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