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Biology EOC Review – Questions And Accurate Answers
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Biology EOC Review – Questions And Accurate Answers
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Biology EOC Review – Questions & Complete SolutionsActivation energy Right Ans - energy needed to start a chemical reaction;
lowered by enzymes
Active transport Right Ans - movement of molecules across a membrane
requiring energy to be expended by the cell
Adaptation Right Ans - inherited characteristic that increases an
organism's chance of survival
Allele Right Ans - the different forms of a gene; could be dominant or
recessive
Amino acid Right Ans - basic building blocks of proteins
Analogous structures Right Ans - structures that do not have a common
evolutionary origin but are similar in form or function
Anaphase Right Ans - the third phase of mitosis, during which the
chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles
Antibiotic Right Ans - compound that blocks the growth and reproduction
of bacteria
Antibody Right Ans - a substance produced by the body that destroys or
inactivates a pathogen that has entered the body
Antigen Right Ans - substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the
production of an antibody
Archaea Right Ans - domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls
that do not contain peptidoglycan
ATP Right Ans - a nucleotide that stores and transfers energy within cells
Autotroph Right Ans - organism that can capture energy from sunlight or
chemicals and use it to produce its own food; also called a producer
,Bacteria Right Ans - Domain Of Unicellular Prokaryotes That Have Cell
Walls Containing Peptidoglycans
Bacteriophage Right Ans - virus that infects bacteria
Base deletion Right Ans - mutation which results in the loss of nucleotide
pairs in a gene; have a major effect on the resulting protein
Base insertion Right Ans - mutation which results in the addition of
nucleotide pairs in a gene; have a major effect on the resulting protein
Base-pair substitution Right Ans - a type of point mutation where one
nucleotide and its partner are replaced by another pair of nucleotides
Behavioral adaptation Right Ans - an inherited behavior that helps an
organism survive; like escaping from predators or find a mate
binary fission Right Ans - asexual reproduction in prokaryotes by which
one cell divides into two identical cells
fetus Right Ans - an unborn or unhatched vertebrate in the later stages of
development showing the main recognizable features of the mature animal
fever Right Ans - a rise in the temperature of the body
fitness Right Ans - the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in
its specific environment
food chain Right Ans - a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy
by eating and being eaten
food web Right Ans - a diagram that shows the feeding relationships
between organisms in an ecosystem
fossil Right Ans - the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that
existed in a past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
gamete Right Ans - egg or sperm sex cell that contains a single set of
chromosomes (haploid), one from each homologous pair
, gene Right Ans - sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus
determines a trait
binomial nomenclature Right Ans - Classification system in which each
species is assigned a two-part scientific name including the genus and species
biodiversity Right Ans - the variety of different species in a given area
biogeochemical cycle Right Ans - process in which elements, chemical
compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to
another and from one part of the biosphere to another; like the carbon and
nitrogen cycle
biomass Right Ans - the total amount of living matter within a given trophic
level
capsid Right Ans - the outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic
acid of a virus
carbohydrate Right Ans - organic compound used by cells to store and
release energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbon cycle Right Ans - the organic circulation of carbon from the
atmosphere into organisms and back again
carnivore Right Ans - a consumer that only eats other consumers
catalyst Right Ans - substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical
reaction; like an enzyme
cell Right Ans - basic unit of life
cell cycle Right Ans - the cycle of growth and reproduction of a cell,
consisting of interphase (g1, s, g2) and mitosis (division of the nucleus-
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase) and cytokinesis (division of
cytoplasm)
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