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Summary

Samenvatting Sociology of Organizations

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Summary of the Sociology of Organizations course, summary of powerpoints and additional information from the lessons. Course taught in the 3rd bachelor of Sociology, in English.

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  • November 20, 2024
  • 27
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
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Sociology of organizations
Examen: 40 min voorbereiding voor 2 vragen

 Geschreven voorbereiding bij examen
 Examen zelf: 15 min
 Groepswerk + peer assessment

,Organizations as rational systems
Intro
!theories = discussed in chronological order

 Start: oldest (relevant on current situations?)

’60 → ’90: perspectives on organizations = complex → 2 types of perspectives:

1. Micro:
• Contingency theory
• Resource dependence theory
• Transaction cost theory
2. Macro:
• Organizational ecology
• Neo-institutional theory
- Perspectives = open / rational / natural


The encapsulation of social life in organizational relations
Everyday life = form of organization

- Hospital, food chain, cinema, public transport, school, …
- Organizations = omnipresent
- Organizations = structures of society
➢ How society functions ≈ organization


Organizational problems and types of “publics”
Types of publics (ex. University) :

1. Ordinary employees: Ex. Teachers (werknemers)
2. Employers and managers (werkgevers)
3. Contact public (direct relationship: part of an organization ≠ employee)
➢ Ex. Students (deelnemers)
4. General public (indirect relationship: politicians, journalists, … can have an opinion about)


Types of problems:

1. Controllability: lack of control for contact, employees, … on direction of organization
➢ No input on the future or decisions of the management
2. Quality of working life: working climate, nature, …
➢ Ex. Stress level because of directives
3. Directing and planning: goalsetting, directing, …
4. Manageability: unintended consequences  functioning of the organization



 Associations between problems and public
 + frequently // +- sometimes // - rarely

, What is an organization: general definitions
More than 1 definitions: communalities between them

1. Blau and scott: “ have been deliberately established for a certain purpose “
➢ Consciously decided (≠ natural, spontaneous, …)
➢ Goal setting = specific

2. Etzioni: “ are social units deliberately constructed and reconstructed to seek specific goals”
➢ = specific purpose + deliberately
➢ ≠ goal (need input and rational action to reach)  purpose
➢ ≠ change over time → reconstructed

3. Stinchcombe: “ any social arrangement in which activities of some people are systematically
planned by other people (who, therefore, have authority over them) in order to achieve some special
purpose…”
➢ Designers and subordinates: difference in constitutional power
➢ Distribution of tasks = structure of the organization


In sum: The blueprint of an organization determines the construction of social relationships within an
organization, and thus by definition, the potential for conflict, cooperation and participation

 Different departments/subentities
 Manager: reaching goals due to efficient structure




Essential ingredients
Informal: habits, routines, ….

Ingredients in theories !

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