Exam (elaborations)
FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE ACID-BASE BALANCE EXAM 2025/2026
- Course
- Institution
FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE ACID-BASE BALANCE EXAM 2025/2026...
[Show more]
Content preview
1) Intracellular fluid (ICF) is found inA) The cells of the body.
B) Lymph.
C) Blood vessels.
D) The interstitial space.
E) The cerebrospinal fluid - ANSWER A) The cells of the body.
2) The components of extracellular fluid (ECF) include
A) Interstitial fluid.
B) Cerebrospinal fluid.
C) Blood plasma and lymph.
D) All of the above
E) A and B only - ANSWER D) All of the above
3) The major cation of intracellular fluid is
A) Sodium.
B) Calcium.
C) Magnesium.
D) Potassium.
E) Chloride. - ANSWER D) Potassium.
,4) If water is lost but electrolytes are retained,
A) The ECF and the ICF become hypotonic.
B) Water will move via osmosis from the ICF into the ECF.
C) ICF volume increases.
D) ECF osmolarity decreases.
E) Both A and D - ANSWER B) Osmosis moves water from the ICF to the
ECF.
5) When large volumes of pure water are ingested,
A) The osmolalities of the two compartments are slightly lower.
B) The volume of the ECF decreases.
C) A fluid shift occurs and the volume of the ICF decreases.
D) The ECF becomes hypertonic to the ICF.
E) The volume of the ICF decreases. - ANSWER A) Osmolarities of the two
compartments are slightly lower.
6) Ingesting a salty meal will
A) Stimulate the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
B) Lower blood pressure.
C) Temporarily raise blood volume - ANSWER C) Temporarily raise blood
volume.
D) Reduce thirst.
E) Vastly raise the osmolarity of the blood - ANSWER C) Temporarily raise
blood volume.
7) Antidiuretic hormone
,A) Stimulates water conservation by the kidneys.
B) Results in the loss of more urine from the bladder.
C) Causes the kidneys to produce a large volume of urine.
D) Is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to changes in blood
osmolarity.
E) Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium ions. - ANSWER A) Stimulates
water conservation by the kidneys.
8) Aldosterone
A) Is released as a response to high levels of sodium within the blood.
B) Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium.
C) Raises sodium concentration in the urine.
D) Plays a role in acid-base balance.
E) Acts to lower blood volume. - ANWER B) Stimulates the kidneys to retain
sodium.
9) Atrial natriuretic peptide does all of the following, EXCEPT it
A) Lowers thirst.
B) Stimulates diuresis.
C) Inhibits the release of glucocorticoids in response to stress.
D) Blocks the release of aldosterone.
E) Blocks the release of ADH. - ANSWER C) Blocks the release of
glucocorticoids during the stress response.
10) When the level of sodium ion in extracellular fluid decreases,
A) A person experiences an increased thirst.
B) More ADH is released.
, C) There is an increase in the level of aldosterone.
D) There is an increase in the level of atrial natriuretic factor.
E) Osmoreceptors are stimulated. - ANSWER C) There is an increase in the
level of aldosterone.
11) As sodium ion amount increases in the extracellular fluid,
A) There is a decreased thirst.
B) Aldosterone secretion increases.
C) ADH secretion decreases.
D) Osmoreceptors are stimulated.
E) There is an increase in the volume of urine produced - ANSWER D)
Osmoreceptors are stimulated.
12) Excess potassium ion is eliminated from the body by
A) The spleen.
B) Sweating.
C) The liver.
D) The digestive system.
E) The kidneys. - ANSWER E) The kidneys.
13) The rate at which the kidneys secrete potassium is controlled by
A) Cortisol.
B) Atrial natriuretic factor.
C) Aldosterone.
D) Parathormone.
E) ADH. - ANSWER C) Aldosterone.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Mirror. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now