MRCS 2 Pathology Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
What is amyloid - ANSWERSAbnormally folded proteins
They stick together and form B-Sheet
These extra deposits stick in extracellular space
What are types of amyloidosis - ANSWERSSystemic
- AL Amyloidosis (light chains misfold and build)...
Clinical features of AA amyloid - ANSWERSLiver/Spleen/Kidney
Hepatomegaly
Splenomegaly
Nephrotic Syndrome - Renal failure
, Diagnosis of amyloidosis - ANSWERSTissue biopsy
- Subcutaneous fat or rectal mucosa
80% Sensitivity
Isotope scanning can show hotspots
Management of amyloidosis - ANSWERSAA - manage chronic condition
AL - chemotherapy for abnormal plasma cells
Supportive treatment - HF etc
Surgical: Liver/Renal transplant if affected
Prognosis with amyloid - ANSWERSLow 1-2 years
Most common cause of death in amyloid - ANSWERSMyocardial
- cardiac failure
- Fatal arrythmia
If someone has thyroid ca 2ry to amyloid - what ca is it? - ANSWERSMedullary caused by calcitonin
Where else can calcitonin amyloid be found - ANSWERSlarynx
urinary tract
aorta
Pituitary gland
What is an aneurysm - ANSWERSAbnormal localised dilation of blood vessel
1.5x size
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