Full and detailed summary of eMarketing To Go! 4th edition. Corné Dijkmans, Jeroen Vinkensteijn.
Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Entire book for E-Business Fundamentals
Breda University of Applied Sciences, year one
Summary E-Business Fundamentals
Chapter 1-9
Breda University of Applied Sciences
Summary Chapter 1
Origins of the internet
1.1 The history of the internet
The history of the computer
1943: The first electronic computer was produced by the British. (to decipher German coded
messages) Computer: The colossus Mark I, headed by mathematician Max Newman.
1944: Improved Colossus Mark II followed. End of the war, there where ten computers.
They played important role in WWII.
Due to Cold War, all computers were destroyed to avoid technology falling into wrong
hands.
End of the second World War
After WWII precursors (forerunners) of the current computer where developed. Until 1980
computers mostly known as mainframes: large computers, many people work with them
(banks, airlines).
The 1970’s
The first computer like the Commodore PET and Apple II were released. They had a
processor: a piece of hardware that can perform certain basic tasks and can carry out the
instructions of programs.
The ‘usefulness’ of owning an PC became increasingly clear.
First Personal Computer, was the IBM PC released in 1981.
1.2 Origins of the internet
The origin of the internet still determines the current structure.
‘Advanced Research Projects Agency’. ARPA was responsible for developing technology that
would allow the US military to avoid being surprised by a technologically advanced enemy.
The foundation and most valuable characteristics of the internet structure.
The 70’s in the 20th Century
1971: The first software was developed whereby ARPANET users could exchange messages
between themselves: the first e-mail was born.
The Transmission Control Protocol/ TCP, and Internet Protocol/ IP: are agreements, the rules
that ensure that the technology works.
TCP/ IP: a set of protocols that allow for transmission date over the internet.
this protocol is still the basis of communication on the internet.
,The 80’s in the 20th Century
1983: ARPANET transferred completely to TCP/IP for data transfer over the network.
the true birth of the internet as we have it now: an open network for underlying networks
based on TPC/IP.
the ‘public good’: has become one of the main sources of information and communication
for countless people worldwide.
Hypertext 1989
The Hypertext system: the foundation of today’s use of the internet. A special form of digital
text. It uses words, concepts or images linking to other text, concepts or images.
These links calls Hyperlinks, files can also be retrieved. (saved)
Hypertext is the basis of the computer language HTML. (technique basis of webpages and
websites)
A website is a collection of related webpages, including multimedia content, typically
identified with a common domain name, and published on at least one web server.
The major breakthrough
The internet was given a boost by a few matters:
1989: First service providers
The first internet service providers, companies offering the public direct access to the
internet for a fee, were established in the US and Australia
1991: Introduction of the World Wide Web as part of the internet
Form 1991 onwards, texts and graphics could be easily transferred over the internet.
Do not mistakenly identify the internet and the Web as the same thing.
The internet is a global interconnection of computer networks;
The World Wide web is a way to navigate this massive network.
So, this navigation and interconnectivity can also be done and used in different ways.
1993: The first search engine and the first browser
The search engine Lycos appeared in 1993 and at the time had 800,000 indexed
webpages! Mosaic was the first browser that allowed for easy internet ‘surfing’.
1994: First online shops
The first online store appeared on the internet and the first online order for food: a
pizza (Pizza hut)
1995: Monica Lewinsky
This student did an in internship as an associate in the White House. She had a
relationship with the then Us president Bill Clinton. This relationship and all the
flowed from it became known as the ‘Lewinsky affair’. This was an important
moment for internet use because the records of the trial about the affair were
available for the first time directly over the internet, including all the ‘sensational’
extracts. Many now had an impression of the possibilities of this new medium in
terms of speed and openness.
1997: The first social network
, SixDegrees.com was the first social network with a structure similar to what we know
today. Users could create lists, invite people and send messages to each other. The
successors of Six Degrees such as Friendster, Myspace, and Facebook later made a
real breakthrough for this concept.
1997: Diana, Princess of Wales
The fatal accident in Paris where Princess Diana, her boyfriend Dodi Al-Fayed and
their driver were killed, perpetuated gossip, rumours, and fake photo’s in no time on
the internet.
1999: Internet banking and the MP3
The rise of internet baking an the introduction of MP3
2000: Wireless internet
The first application of wireless internet (Wi-Fi)
2001: Wikipedia and web blogs
2004: Rise of social media
Facebook launched a social networking site. Simultaneously, there are many social
media platforms created.
2020: Legal issue
Many laws and regulations were made, especially in the are of privacy and legal
protection. (Pirate Bay)
2012: Second screen
Smartphones and tablets make a worldwide break through and add content to
existing media e.g. television, a system known as the second screen. First apps for
mobile.
2014: Social media adopted on websites
2018: Evermore big law suites
Interrogations how the ‘big players’ on the internet handle delicate problems like
fake news and identities.
2019: IOT
the Internet Of Things is exploding: more and more devices have access to the
internet. The impact on our daily lives and on operations In organisations grows.
A network of Internet connected objects able to collect and exchange data.
Roaming
Roaming service is made possible through internet service providers who have
cooperative agreements to grant each other’s customers local access to the internet.
EU 2017 roaming has been embolised.
Net neutrality: Internet service providers treat all date on the internet equally.
1.3 Internet usage figures
, Definition of internet: What exactly ‘is’ the internet?
The internet is an expanding global infrastructure network of computers, servers, routers and
other devices based on generally accepted standards and established techniques and
standards.
www. = World Wide Web
“Online”: the equipment has contact with the internet.
1.4 Development of communication
The impact of internet on communication is just an example of the huge impact it ahs on the
economy and society as a whole. ‘
With the advent (start) of the internet, we see the following trends in communication:
One-to-many (mass media)
First, the internet is used as a mass medium, where companies communicated
information to anyone through their website who wanted to see it. This can (and
happens) still. On the internet, we know this as one big website with the same
information for everyone.
One-to-few (segmented media)
Through technical developments, companies can target their messages to a group of
people or send them an individual message. Websites specifically targeted at
particular groups in the market.
One-to-one (personal media)
Discussion forums and profiling, companies can send much focused on-one-on
communication with consumers.
Many-to-many (social media)
The advent of low-threshold social media allows not only companies but also in
individuals their own place for opinion, photos or videos on the Web.
Few-to-few (social media, internet)
Create more personal webpages and with all blogs, apps and social networks, it’s
possible to set up private groups.
impact of the (traditional) mass media declines.
1.5 Internet access
Browser: software for displaying HTML files and are used to navigate the World Wide Web,
next to several other functionalities.
There is no ‘boss’ on the internet. There is also no international law applicable to the entire
internet. You can’t ‘throw off’ a company from the internet, but illegal sites can be thrown
off.
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