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CAPA/CPAN Review Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions {GRADED A+}
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CAPA/CPAN Review Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions {GRADED A+}
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CAPA/CPAN Review Questions AndAnswers With Verified Solutions
{GRADED A+}
***Oxygen Therapy Delivery System - ANSWER✔✔ **Know each delivery
system and % of O2 delivered to patient**
Nasal Cannula
- 1-6L/min
-24-44% O2
Simple Mask
- 5-10 L
-40-60% O2
Partial Rebreather
- min 10L/min
-40-70% O2
Nonrebreather
- >15L/min
- 60-80% O2
Face Tent
- >8L/min
- up to 70% O2
,Venturi Mask
-100% O2 blended with RA
-dont cover holes with condensation
-allows for specific FiO2 with turn of dial
*-good for COPD patients (Keep at around 90% spO2, and no more than 30% O2
= 2L NC)
***Spinal Sequence*** - ANSWER✔✔ NEED TO KNOW!!
Order of Loss:
1st thing to go:
Autonomic/sympathetic (vasoconstiction/vasomotor/bladder control)
sense of temperature
pain
touch
movement
proprioception (knowing where body is without having to look)
Order of Return:
Exact opposite of above
*this is why changing position after patient had epidural or spinal can lead to
hemodynamic instability*
,**Brachial Plexus: Interscalene - ANSWER✔✔ used for shoulder surgeries, pain
control, comes a little to chest muscle
Complications:
**Horners Syndrome:
-Miosis: constricted pupil
-Pitosis: droopy eyelid
-Anhydrosis: less sweaty on that side
Phrenic Nerve paresis common
-expected* if block was done right
-paralyzed diaphragm on that side; patient can still breathe
-patient reports that they are having a hard time breathing.
**Clotting Cascade - ANSWER✔✔ pg 85 in review book
Extrinsic Pathway (measured by PT)
- outside body (ex scalpel to skin)
Factor 7
Common pathway- Factors 10, 5 , 2 , 1 (think "bills in wallet <$20")
Intrinsic Pathway (PTT)
-inside patient body system
Factor 8, 9, 11, 12
Common pathway
Factor 4 = Ca (low Ca = inappropriate clotting)
, Prothrombin Factor 2
Von Willenbrand (Hemophilia) = Factor 8
**Congenital Heart Defects:
Tetralogy of Fallot - ANSWER✔✔ **SPAR
-Septal Defect (large hole between L & R ventricle)
-Pulmonic Stenosis
-Aortic Displaced (large/fat placed right in the middle of two ventricles where
VSD should be
-Right ventricular Hypertrophy (left side is thick but right is smaller)
Large VSD with No septum between R and L ventricles
**Congenital Heart Defects:
Tetralogy of Fallot (Cont.) - ANSWER✔✔ TET Spell - activity intolerance
-heart cannot meet O2 demand r/t crying, feeding, playing
Knee to Chest Position to increase vascular resistance by shunting blood away
from Aorta into Pulm artery
Surgery 6-12 mo
-1st VSD repair and sometimes Stent pulm valve
-later on when grown up size, artificial valve will be placed
**Alprostadil- keeps patent duct arteriosus from closing
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