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NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple Choice To Help You Pass The EMT Exam! 2024
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NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple Choice To Help You Pass The EMT Exam! 2024
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NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple Choice1. • A:both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
Reason: Although stroke and hypoglycemia are two distinctly different con-
ditions, their signs and symptoms are often similar. This is because the brain
requires both oxygen and glucose to function normally. An acute ischemic
stroke is caused by a lack of oxygen to a part of the brain due to a blocked
cerebral artery, whereas hypoglycemia (low blood glucose level) deprives the
entire brain of glucose. In either case, the patient presents with signs of
impaired brain function (ie, slurred speech, weakness, altered mental status).
Both conditions may lead to permanent brain damage or death if not treated
promptly.: Hypoglycemia and acute ischemic stroke can present similarly because:
• A:both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
• B:the majority of stroke patients have a history of diabetes.
• C:the most common cause of a stroke is hypoglycemia.
• D:they are both caused by low levels of glucose in the blood.
2. You selected C; This is correct!
Reason: When managing any patient with an emotional or psychiatric crisis,
your primary concern is your own safety. Safely transporting the patient to
the hospital is your ultimate goal. If possible, you should attempt to obtain a
medical history and should take any of the patient's prescribed medications to
the hospital. However, this should not supercede your own safety or interfere
with safely transporting the patient.: When dealing with an emotionally disturbed
patient, you should be MOST concerned with:
• A:gathering all of the patient's medications.
• B:safely transporting to the hospital.
• C:whether the patient could harm you.
• D:obtaining a complete medical history.
3. You selected B; This is correct!
Reason: General rules to follow when attempting to rescue a patient from the
water include "reach, throw, row, and then go." In this case, you should attempt
to reach the victim by having him grab hold of a large stick or similar object. If
this is unsuccessful, throw the victim a rope or flotation device (if available).
If these are not available, row to the patient in a small raft (if available). Going
into the water to retrieve the victim is a last resort. The rescuer must be a
strong swimmer because patients who are in danger of drowning are in a state
of blind panic and will make every attempt to keep themselves afloat, even
, NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple Choice
if it means forcing the rescuer underwater.: You are at the scene where a man
panicked while swimming in a small lake. Your initial attempt to rescue him should
include:
• A:rowing a small raft to the victim.
• B:reaching for the victim with a long stick.
• C:throwing a rope to the victim.
• D:swimming to the victim to rescue him.
4. The correct answer is B;
Reason: The nature of illness (NOI) is the medical equivalent to mechanism of
injury (MOI). Altered mental status should be the suspected NOI in any patient
with any fluctuation in level of consciousness, which can range from bizarre
behavior to complete unresponsiveness. Causes of an altered mental status
include hypo- or hyperglycemia, head trauma, stroke, behavioral crises, drug
overdose, and shock, among others.: How should you classify a patient's nature
of illness if he or she has a low blood glucose level, bizarre behavior, and shallow
breathing?
• A:Behavioral emergency
• B:Altered mental status
• C:Respiratory emergency
• D:Cardiac compromise
5. The correct answer is C;
Reason: Of the drugs listed, cocaine would be the least likely cause of the
patient's condition. Cocaine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant; you
would expect her to be hypertensive, tachycardic, tachypneic, and perhaps
even violent. Heroin, Valium, and Seconal are all CNS depressants and could
explain her condition. Heroin is an illegal narcotic (opiate), Valium is a ben-
zodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drug, and Seconal is a barbiturate. Narcotics,
benzodiazepines, and barbiturates are all CNS depressants. When taken in ex-
cess, they cause a decreased level of consciousness, respiratory depression,
bradycardia, and hypotension.: A young female is unresponsive after overdosing
on an unknown type of drug. Her respirations are slow and shallow and her pulse
is slow and weak. Which of the following drugs is the LEAST likely cause of her
condition?
• A:Seconal
• B:Heroin
• C:Cocaine
• D:Valium
, NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple Choice
6. You selected D; This is correct!
Reason:Activated charcoal adsorbs (sticks to) many ingested substances,
preventing them from being absorbed into the body by the stomach or in-
testines. In some cases, you may give activated charcoal to patients who have
ingested certain substances, if approved by medical control or local protocol.
Activated charcoal is contraindicated for patients who have ingested an acid
or alkali (ie, drain cleaner) or a petroleum product (ie, gasoline), who have a
decreased level of consciousness and cannot protect their own airway, or who
are unable to swallow.: Activated charcoal is contraindicated for a patient who is:
• A:conscious and alert and has ingested a large amount of Motrin.
• B:emotionally upset and has ingested two bottles of aspirin.
• C:agitated and claims to have ingested a bottle of Tylenol.
• D:awake and alert and has swallowed a commercial drain cleaner.
7. you selected D; This is correct!
Reason:In a cold environment, the body has two ways of staying warm: gen-
erating heat (thermogenesis) and reducing heat loss. Radiation is the transfer
of heat by radiant energy. The body can lose heat by radiation, such as when
a person stands in a cold room. Convection occurs when heat is transferred
to circulating air, as when cool air moves across the body's surface. A person
standing in windy cold weather, wearing lightweight clothing, is losing heat
to the environment mostly by convection. The quickest and most obvious
way to decrease heat loss from radiation and convection is to move out of
the cold environment and seek shelter from wind. Shivering increases the
body's metabolism and is a mechanism for generating heat, not reducing heat
loss. Layers of clothing trap air and provide excellent insulation; thus, layered
clothing decreases heat loss better than a single, thick jacket. Conduction is
the direct transfer of heat from a part of the body to a colder object by direct
contact, as when a warm hand touches cold metal or ice. The most obvious
way to decrease heat loss by conduction is to remove your hand from the cold
object.: The MOST obvious way to reduce heat loss from radiation and convection
is to:
• A:move away from a cold object.
• B:increase metabolism by shivering.
• C:wear a thick wind-proof jacket.
• D:move to a warmer environment.
8. You selected C; This is correct!
, NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple Choice
Reason:Collectively, drowning and near-drowning are referred to as submer-
sion injuries. Drowning is defined as death after submersion in a liquid medi-
um, usually water. In a drowning, death is either immediate or occurs within
24 hours following submersion. Near-drowning is defined as survival, at least
temporarily (24 hours), after submersion. It should be noted, however, that
complications such as pneumonia and pulmonary edema can cause death
greater than 24 hours following submersion. For this reason, all patients with
a submersion injury should be transported to the hospital, even if they appear
fine at the scene.: A near-drowning is MOST accurately defined as:
• A:complications within 24 hours following submersion in water.
• B:immediate death due to prolonged submersion in water.
• C:survival for at least 24 hours following submersion in water.
• D:death greater than 24 hours following submersion in water.
9. You selected B; This is correct!
Reason:Weight loss, fever, and night sweats could indicate tuberculosis or
HIV/AIDS; however, the dark purple lesions on the skin, which are called
Kaposi's sarcoma, are malignant skin tumors and are a classic finding in
patients in the later stages of AIDS.: A young woman reports significant weight
loss over the last month, persistent fever, and night sweats. When you assess
her, you note the presence of dark purple lesions covering her trunk and upper
extremities. You should suspect:
• A:end-stage cancer.
• B:HIV/AIDS.
• C:tuberculosis.
• D:rheumatic fever.
10. You selected C; This is correct!
Reason:You should administer high-flow oxygen to all patients who are active-
ly seizing and to patients who experienced a seizure and are postictal. This is
especially true if the seizure was caused by hypoxia. Increasing the oxygen
content of the blood, which minimizes hypoxia, may prevent another seizure.
The recovery position is appropriate for uninjured patients with a decreased
level of consciousness and adequate breathing; it will help maintain the airway
and facilitate drainage of secretions from the mouth, but will not prevent
another seizure. Oral glucose may prevent another seizure if hypoglycemia
was the cause of the seizure. You should dim the lights in the back of the
ambulance to help prevent any seizure, not just those that are caused by
hypoxia.: A 48-year-old male became acutely hypoxic, experienced a seizure, and
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