HESI Case Studies--Pediatrics-Burns - What is the first step in assessing a patient with a major burn injury?
️️ Perform a primary survey focusing on airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC). - Why are inhalation burns particularly dangerous?
️️ They can cause airway swelling, car...
- What is the first step in assessing a patient with a major burn injury?
✔️✔️ Perform a primary survey focusing on airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC).
- Why are inhalation burns particularly dangerous?
✔️✔️ They can cause airway swelling, carbon monoxide poisoning, and impaired gas exchange.
- How do thermal burns affect capillary integrity?
✔️✔️ They increase capillary permeability, causing fluid leakage into the interstitial space.
- Why should burn wounds not be cooled with ice?
✔️✔️ Ice can cause further tissue damage and exacerbate hypothermia.
- What is the key clinical sign of carbon monoxide poisoning in burn patients?
✔️✔️ Cherry-red skin color and altered mental status.
- Why are prophylactic antacids or proton pump inhibitors given to burn patients?
✔️✔️ To prevent stress ulcers (Curling's ulcers) from developing in the gastrointestinal tract.
- How does a burn injury compromise the immune system?
✔️✔️ It decreases white blood cell function and disrupts the skin barrier, making infection more likely.
- Why is early surgical debridement important in full-thickness burns?
✔️✔️ To remove necrotic tissue and reduce bacterial colonization.
- What should be assessed when circumferential burns are present?
, ✔️✔️ Distal pulses, capillary refill, sensation, and movement to identify vascular compromise.
- How is hyperkalemia managed in burn patients during the acute phase?
✔️✔️ Through measures like calcium gluconate, insulin with glucose, or dialysis if severe.
- Why is nasal flaring or intercostal retractions concerning in a burn patient?
✔️✔️ They may indicate respiratory distress or impending airway obstruction.
- What does persistent tachycardia in a burn patient suggest?
✔️✔️ Possible inadequate fluid resuscitation, pain, or early sepsis.
- Why is wound care with antimicrobial agents critical in burn management?
✔️✔️ To prevent infection and promote a moist environment for wound healing.
- What is the significance of a pale or dusky appearance of tissue under a burn wound?
✔️✔️ It may indicate poor perfusion or tissue necrosis.
- Why are frequent neurological checks necessary for patients with facial or neck burns?
✔️✔️ To monitor for cerebral hypoxia or carbon monoxide effects.
- How does electrical burn injury affect muscle tissue?
✔️✔️ It can cause rhabdomyolysis, leading to muscle breakdown and myoglobin release.
- Why is maintaining normothermia a priority in burn patients?
✔️✔️ Hypothermia can slow healing, worsen shock, and increase mortality risk.
- What does a sudden decrease in urine output indicate in a burn patient receiving fluid resuscitation?
✔️✔️ Possible acute kidney injury or inadequate fluid resuscitation.
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